Technologies
Research effects and practical timing.
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Technologies
1st Pennsylvania Rifles
1st Pennsylvania Rifles is a Commerce Age United States Meeting House technology that delivers five Sharpshooters. It is tied to the Pennsylvania Federal State and its Philadelphia Convention Home City Card, so access depends on the chosen age-up path as well as the research building.
2 Great Bombards
2 Great Bombards is an Industrial Age Indian Consulate technology available when the Indians choose the Ottoman alliance. It delivers two Consulate Great Bombards, converting Export and research time into heavy artillery rather than upgrading guns already in the army.
2 Surgeons
2 Surgeons is a Commerce Age Consulate technology for the Chinese and Indians that delivers two Surgeon support units. It adds healing support to an army rather than increasing the combat statistics of its frontline troops.
4 Settlers
4 Settlers is a Commerce Age Indian Consulate technology available through the Ottoman alliance. In Definitive Edition it delivers four Hindu Villagers and raises their train limit by four, so the option adds immediate labor and permits a larger worker population afterward.
4 Spies
4 Spies is a Commerce Age Consulate technology for the Chinese and Indians that delivers four Spy units. It is a specialist option for missions or matchups where identifying and eliminating high-value Heroes or Mercenaries matters; it does not add a broad frontline army.
5 Petards
5 Petards is a repeatable Fortress Age Consulate technology for China and India that delivers five Petards. The units specialize in close-range demolition, so each research converts the Consulate into a scheduled burst of building siege rather than a permanent combat upgrade.
6 Azaps
6 Azaps is a Commerce Age Consulate technology for the Indians that delivers six Baghdad Azaps. It supplies a ranged mercenary-style force rather than permanently upgrading the statistics of existing units.
Acts of Union
Acts of Union is an Industrial Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Hanover palace. It grants Drummers the Inspiring Flag ability, which can call in a group of Harquebusiers, Highlanders and Irish Brigadiers. The effect adds a tactical option to Drummers rather than automatically training those units when research completes.
Akan Asafo
Akan Asafo is an Exploration Age technology researched through a Trading Post or Tambo on an Akan kingdom. It provides one Akan Tufohen, turning the settlement connection into a named hero reinforcement rather than a general resource trickle.
Akan Cocoa Beans
Akan Cocoa Beans is an Exploration Age economic technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on an Akan kingdom. It raises Villager gathering from Berry Bushes by 30% and improves a number of other Food sources by 10%.
Akan Fontomfrom
Akan Fontomfrom is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on an Akan kingdom. It reduces infantry training time by 20%; Akan Tufohen respawn time -20%; reduces old Han Army and Territorial Army training time by 20%.
Akan Gold Economy
Akan Gold Economy is an Exploration Age technology tied to an Akan settlement in The African Royals. It is available at a Trading Post or Tambo built on an Akan kingdom, and to Hausa at a University with the Akan Alliance. The research combines a Gold Prospector Wagon delivery with gathering improvements for specific Coin sources.
Akan Palm Oil Exports
Akan Palm Oil Exports is an Exploration Age technology tied to an Akan kingdom in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition — The African Royals. It provides a Food-to-Wood-and-Coin conversion option for the Hausa through the Akan alliance, adding flexibility when resource needs shift.
Amalgamation
Amalgamation is a later Market Coin upgrade that follows Placer Mines. It increases Villager gathering from mines and Mountain Monasteries by 20%.
American Patriots
American Patriots is an Age of Empires III technology available to United States (campaign) (Act III: Steel) from the Fortress Age, researched at Church. It provides 16 Militiamen.
Apache Cactus Use
Apache Cactus Use is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on an Apache settlement. It increases villager hit points and speed by 15%; increases unit affected by villager upgrades hit points and speed by 5%.
Apache Endurance
Apache Endurance is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on an Apache settlement. It raises the speed of land military units by 5%, improving the army’s ability to move between engagements.
Apache Raiders
Apache Raiders is a Fortress Age upgrade researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on an Apache settlement. It adds 1.0 to Apache Cavalry’s bonus damage against Villagers, improving the unit’s specialized worker-raiding pressure.
Arewa
Arewa is a Commerce Age University technology for the Hausa. It enables Hausa Builders to construct Watch Towers, extending the buildings those workers can place. The research costs 250 Influence and takes five seconds, and it requires Kano Chronicle. Arewa therefore connects a prerequisite technology to a new defensive construction option; it does not itself build a Watch Tower or provide the Builder who must construct it.
Argan Tree Planting
Argan Tree Planting is an Age of Empires III technology available to Hausa from the Commerce Age, researched at University. It provides 1 Goat carrying an additional 70 food with every future Home City shipment.
Ark of the Covenant
Ark of the Covenant is a Commerce Age Ethiopian technology at the Mountain Monastery that requires the Habesha Alliance. It doubles Mountain Monastery hit points and lets those Monasteries automatically gather Coin or Influence without being built on a mine.
Arma Garrisons
Arma Garrisons is an Age of Empires III technology available to Hausa from the Commerce Age, researched at University. It provides 1 Watch Tower Builder; Enables Corsair Marksmen to be trained at Watch Towers.
Armatoloi
Armatoloi is an Exploration Age House of Phanar technology that increases eligible Ranged Infantry damage by 5%; Evzones receive a 15% increase instead. The larger Evzone value replaces the general increase rather than stacking with it.
Armor Plating
Armor Plating is a Commerce Age Dock technology that increases War Ship hit points by 50%. It improves the staying power of a fleet in naval combat.
Army of the Pure
Army of the Pure is an Exploration Age technology available through a Trading Post or Tambo on an Udasi Temple holy site. It improves Chakram Throwers’ line of sight and both ranged and siege attack range by two.
Arsenal Wagon (technology)
Arsenal Wagon is a Japanese Consulate technology obtained through the Dutch alliance in the Fortress Age. It delivers one Arsenal Wagon, which can establish an Arsenal and thereby make the Arsenal’s research choices available. This is a utility unlock rather than a direct combat upgrade: the wagon provides access to a site, while each later Arsenal technology has its own cost, research time and effect.
Artificial Fertilizer
Artificial Fertilizer is a later upgrade for renewable Food gathering. It increases Villager collection from Mills, Farms, Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas by 30%, and raises Hacienda Food auto-gather by 30%.
Athos Monasteries
Athos Monasteries is an Exploration Age technology from Knights of the Mediterranean. For the House of Phanar alliance, it converts a Trading Post or Tambo into a source of two monastery wagons, mine-based Coin income, healing and civilization-dependent religious units.
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Austro-Hungarian Empire is an Age of Empires III technology available to House of Habsburg from the Industrial Age, researched at Trading Post; Tambo (Inca only). It The "Radetzky March" ability now also spawns Hungarian Grenadiers.
Aztec Chinampa
Aztec Chinampa is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on an Aztec settlement. It improves several Food economies at once: Villager gathering from renewable land sources, Fishing Ship gathering from fish and whales, and Hacienda automatic Food production each rise by 5%.
Aztec Chocolate Recipes
Aztec Chocolate Recipes is an Exploration Age technology in Age of Empires III that awards Coin crates as game time passes. Its listed access is through a Trading Post or Tambo on an Aztec settlement, and through the Native Embassy for Mexicans where that option is available.
Aztec Garland Wars
Aztec Garland Wars is an Industrial Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on an Aztec settlement in Age of Empires III. It upgrades Aztec Eagle Warriors and Aztec Jaguar Warriors to the Garland level, increasing their hit points by 30%.
Aztec Initiation
Aztec Initiation is an Exploration Age technology obtained through a Trading Post or Tambo on an Aztec settlement, or through the Native Embassy for Mexicans. It increases Hero hit points and damage by 100%, substantially strengthening eligible Heroes.
Aztec Raiding Party; Tlaxcaltec Raiding Party
Aztec Raiding Party; Tlaxcaltec Raiding Party is an Age of Empires III technology available to Aztecs; Mexicans from the Fortress Age, researched at Town Center. It provides 8 Jaguar Prowl Knights (for the Aztecs); provides 8 Aztec Jaguar Warriors (for the Mexicans).
Aztec Scouting Party; Tlaxcaltec Scouting Party
Aztec Scouting Party; Tlaxcaltec Scouting Party is an Age of Empires III technology available to Aztecs; Mexicans from the Commerce Age, researched at Town Center. It provides 4 Jaguar Prowl Knights (for the Aztecs); provides 4 Aztec Jaguar Warriors (for the Mexicans).
Aztec War Party; Tlaxcaltec War Party
Aztec War Party; Tlaxcaltec War Party is an Age of Empires III technology available to Aztecs; Mexicans from the Fortress Age, researched at Town Center. It provides 12 Jaguar Prowl Knights (for the Aztecs); provides 12 Aztec Jaguar Warriors (for the Mexicans).
Baltic Sea Trade
Baltic Sea Trade is an Exploration Age House of Oldenburg technology from Definitive Edition — Knights of the Mediterranean. It grants automatic Coin generation to War Ships and defensive buildings, with the calculation based on different parts of each unit’s or structure’s cost.
Bank Wagon (shipment)
Bank Wagon is a Japanese Consulate technology available through the Dutch alliance. It sends a wagon that can establish a Bank, giving Japan access to a building normally associated with the Dutch. The research is an economic option rather than an army shipment: its value comes from the Bank after construction and from having enough time to benefit from the investment.
Banza Bakwai
Banza Bakwai is a Commerce Age Hausa University technology that delivers three Kingdom Builders and increases the University build limit by three. It requires Hausa Bakwai and adds construction capacity, but does not place the Universities automatically.
Bar Confederation
Bar Confederation is an Age of Empires III technology available to Poles from the Industrial Age, researched at Church. It provides 12 Konfederatka Uhlans (Consulate Uhlans with -0.5 Rate of Fire and Defence promotions).
Barometz
Barometz is an Age of Empires III technology available to Aztecs from the Commerce Age, researched at War Hut. It provides 1 Puma Spearman for every 2 minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes.
Bastion
Bastion is a wall upgrade that greatly increases wall hit points while making construction take longer. It is available from a Wall in the Fortress Age for most listed access, with a Lakota Industrial Age listing, and can also be researched through selected civilization buildings. The longer build time makes the upgrade a deliberate investment in a position expected to last.
Battle Anger
Battle Anger is a Commerce Age Lakota Community Plaza technology that greatly improves listed Lakota units against Artillery. It increases the War Chief’s artillery bonus damage by 500% and the bonus damage of Axe Riders, Bow Riders, Rifle Riders, Tashunke Prowlers and Tokala Soldiers by 100%.
Bayajidda Epic
Bayajidda Epic is an Age of Empires III technology available to Hausa from the Commerce Age, researched at University. It provides 1 additional Emir; Building build bounty changed from experience to influence.
Berber Dynasties
Berber Dynasties is an Exploration Age technology available at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Berber kingdom. It delivers a Berber Sultan and unlocks Barbary Corsairs and Zenata Riders at the listed tavern and mercenary production sites, adding a new unit path through the Berber alliance.
Berber Fantasia
Berber Fantasia is an Exploration Age Berber alliance technology that increases the vision of Berber Camel Riders, Berber Sultan and Zenata Riders, and gives those units a Musket Attack. The upgrade changes their tactical reach and attack option rather than simply adding more hit points.
Berber Ghorfas
Berber Ghorfas is an Exploration Age technology associated with a Berber settlement in The African Royals. It can be researched at a Trading Post or Tambo built on a Berber kingdom, or at the University when the Hausa have the Berber Alliance. Its field effect slows nearby enemy military units, turning selected economic buildings into local movement-control zones.
Berber Kings of the Desert
Berber Kings of the Desert is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Berber kingdom; University (Hausa with the Berber Alliance). It increases land villager hit points by 35%; Sets Berber Nomad bonus damage against cavalry to 5.0x, against shock troops to 3.4x.
Berber Salt Caravans
Berber Salt Caravans is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Berber kingdom. It Gives a trickle of coin based on total food and wood (coin 0.001 per food + wood; min. coin 1, max. coin 4).
Besteiros
Besteiros was a Portuguese Fortress Age Church technology that converted a Crossbowman plan into a large veteran shipment. It delivered 22 Besteiros and upgraded existing Crossbowmen to Veteran and Guard status. The technology is legacy content: it was removed from Definitive Edition with Knights of the Mediterranean, so its card and research sequence describe the earlier ruleset.
Bill of Rights
Bill of Rights is an Age of Empires III technology available to United States from the Commerce Age, researched at Meeting House. It provides 1 Large Collection of Books (xp 500) for every 10 minutes of the game time (up to 30 minutes).
Blackwood Trade
Blackwood Trade is a Fortress Age African Wood technology researched at the Livestock Market after Selective Logging. It increases Villager gathering from trees and Mango Groves by 20%, extending the African Wood upgrade chain toward Ebony Exports.
Blanket Filters
Blanket Filters is an Exploration Age Market technology for Asian civilizations and Ethiopians. It improves Coin gathering from mines and Mountain Monasteries by 5%, and opens the follow-up mining upgrade, Flume and Ditching.
Blockade
Blockade is a naval technology in Age of Empires III that restricts the opponent’s ability to use Home City shipments while the relevant effect is active. It is an economic and timing disruption tool rather than a direct attack upgrade.
Blockhouse Wagon (shipment)
Blockhouse Wagon is a Chinese Consulate technology associated with the Russian Allies option. It sends a wagon that can establish a Blockhouse and unlocks Villager construction of Blockhouses. The wagon and the construction permission are separate parts of the reward: even after the first structure is lost, the new construction access lets the player replace it, subject to the build limit.
Blue Guards
Blue Guards is an Industrial Age Dutch Church technology that sends 30 Blue Guards, which are Guard Musketeers. It becomes available after the Dutch send the Religious Freedom Home City Card. The research is a large direct infantry delivery rather than a standard queue of individual Musketeers.
Blue Nile Ties
Blue Nile Ties is an Imperial Age Ethiopian Mountain Monastery technology that improves Mercenary recruitment. It requires the Arab Alliance and reduces both the Coin/resource cost and training time of Mercenaries by 15%, making it relevant to repeated hiring rather than a single fixed shipment.
Blunderbuss
Blunderbuss is an Exploration Age Market technology that improves Villagers’ ability to defend themselves and see nearby threats. It is a worker-support upgrade, not a replacement for military production: its value lies in helping the economy react to early pressure.
Bolt-Action Rifles
Bolt-Action Rifles is a Revolution technology available to Prussia and the German Confederation, researched at the Factory. It reduces the Coin cost of Giant Grenadiers and Skirmishers by 20%. The research costs 450 Wood and 250 Coin and takes 40 seconds. The effect is limited to the listed units and resource component; it does not lower their Food cost or change their combat statistics.
Bonepipe Armor
Bonepipe Armor is an Age of Empires III technology available to Lakota from the Commerce Age, researched at Corral. It Lakota War Chief, Warrior, Cetan Bowman, Club Warrior, Wakina Rifle, Axe Rider, Bow Rider, Rifle Rider, Tashunke Prowler, and Tokala Soldier siege resistance +10%.
Book of Axum
Book of Axum is a Commerce Age Ethiopian Mountain Monastery technology. It expands the Abun train limit, sight and healing range by five, but removes the Abun’s ability to gather from Mountain Monasteries.
Bookkeeping
Bookkeeping is a Fortress Age Coin upgrade for Estates and equivalent buildings. It raises Villager Coin gathering from Estates, Coin-producing Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas by 10%; Hacienda Coin auto-gather also improves by 10%.
Børsen
Børsen is a Commerce Age Danish Customs House technology. Each future Home City shipment provides a random crate containing 50 resources, and buildings with economic Home City gather points can gather crates.
Bourbon Reforms
Bourbon Reforms is an Exploration Age technology in The African Royals / Knights of the Mediterranean content set, associated with the House of Bourbon. It can be researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Bourbon palace, and the French can access it at the Royal Embassy after sending the Ancien Régime Home City Card. Its reward converts later and earlier economic investment into Experience.
Branicki Architecture
Branicki Architecture is a Fortress Age Polish technology in The Baltic Powers that improves Wood gathering and building durability. Villagers gather from trees 5% faster, the Sejm’s automatic Wood generation improves by 20%, and buildings gain 5% hit points.
Brigadier General
Brigadier General is an Age of Empires III technology available to Federal Americans from the Imperial Age, researched at State Capitol (United States) ; Capitol (Mexicans). It increases general hit points +1,000, damage by 100%.
British Army
British Army is an Imperial Age Hausa University technology that delivers 17 Redcoat Musketeers and three Imperial Rockets. It is a large late-game reinforcement requiring the British Alliance.
British Artillery Engineers
British Artillery Engineers is an Age of Empires III technology available to Hausa from the Imperial Age, researched at University. It Enables Heavy Cannons to be trained at Palaces for influence 800.
British Brigade
British Brigade is an Imperial Age Consulate technology for the Chinese and Indians when allied with the British. It delivers 16 Roger’s Rangers and five Falconets, combining ranged infantry with artillery in one long research. Definitive Edition renamed the infantry from Skirmishers to Rangers in update 14.43676.
Bullionism
Bullionism is a Fortress Age Japanese Consulate technology that grants 1,500 Experience. Experience contributes to the Home City shipment meter, so this research can bring the next card delivery closer without directly granting a unit or resource crate.
Bundesheer
Bundesheer is a Revolution technology for the German Confederation in The Baltic Powers. Once the Frankfurt Assembly Home City Card is sent, the Capitol can spend Coin to call in 20 randomly selected Native warriors from a defined German Royal House pool. It is a mixed reinforcement, not a fixed roster the player chooses unit by unit.
Bundestag
Bundestag is an Imperial Revolution technology for the German Confederation, researched at the Capitol. It makes the Capitol generate 0.025 of the selected resource per second for each occupied population slot and reduces Factory work rate for Food, Wood and Coin by 39%.
Bushido Principles
Bushido Principles is a Commerce Age Japanese Consulate technology that sets the train limit for unit blocks to 10. It changes how large a block can be queued under the Japanese grouped-production system.
Byzantine Legacy
Byzantine Legacy is an Exploration Age technology available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Phanar palace. It increases building and ship hit points by 15%, strengthening structures and naval units without raising their attack.
Cadets
Cadets is an Industrial Age General upgrade for Federal American factions in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition. The United States researches it at the State Capitol, while the Mexicans use the Capitol.
Cannery
Cannery is an Industrial Age Factory upgrade that increases the Factory’s automatic Food output by 30%. It improves that building’s assigned Food stream; it does not speed Villager gathering.
Carabinieri
Carabinieri is a Fortress Age Italian Basilica technology. It delivers ten Carabinieri, transforms existing Dragoons into Carabinieri, unlocks Carabinieri training at the Tavern, increases their hit points by 15% and hand attack damage by 30%, and changes their attack cadence and training time by 10%.
Cargo Inspections
Cargo Inspections is an Age of Empires III technology available to Danes from the Exploration Age, researched at Customs House. It Allows the player to see the card names of all shipments taxed by the Customs House.
Carib Allies
Carib Allies is a Native Embassy branch for the Inca and, after the Revolution, Peru. It unlocks Carib Blowgunners and three Carib technologies while disabling the Mapuche, Quechua and Zapotec ally branches.
Carib Ambush Party
Carib Ambush Party is a Commerce Age Carib settlement technology that lets Heroes train up to 12 Carib Ambushers. The units match Carib Blowgunners’ statistics but train twice as fast.
Carib Ceremonial Feast
Carib Ceremonial Feast is an Industrial Age Minor Civilization technology that upgrades Carib Blowgunners and Carib Ambushers into Feast Warriors, adding 50% hit points. It is the final health-focused step in the Carib unit upgrade route.
Carib Garifuna Drums
Carib Garifuna Drums is an Exploration Age upgrade at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Carib settlement. It adds 1.0 to the Archer’s bonus damage against Villagers, specializing that unit line further for pressure on exposed workers.
Carib Kasiri Beer
Carib Kasiri Beer is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Carib settlement. It increases hand infantry and archer damage by 10%; Carib Blowgunners' and Carib Ambushers' ranged attack inflicts poison damage; Poison lasts 6 seconds.
Carronade
Carronade is a Commerce Age Dock upgrade that increases War Ship damage. It strengthens the fleet’s ability to win naval engagements, but it does not improve Fishing Ships or every attack made by a ship, so its value depends on the military role of the fleet.
Cash Crops
Cash Crops is an Industrial Age African Granary technology that requires New World Crops. It increases Villager Coin gathering from Fields by 30%, supporting a field-based Coin economy rather than improving mines or every African resource source.
Castle Houses
Castle Houses is an Exploration Age technology accessed through a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Stuart palace. It adds five population support to Frontier Fortifications and ten to Heavy Fortifications.
Catharsis
Catharsis is an Exploration Age Athos Monastery technology that grants an Experience trickle of 2.5 while the player’s units have taken no damage for the previous 30 seconds. It rewards periods of calm by advancing Home City shipment progress.
Cavalry Cuirass
Cavalry Cuirass is a Commerce Age upgrade that improves the durability of Heavy Cavalry. Because these units often operate near the enemy frontline, additional health can help them survive an engagement or withdraw after a charge. It is a defensive statistic upgrade, not a direct increase to cavalry damage.
Cherokee Basket Weaving
Cherokee Basket Weaving is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Cherokee settlement. It removes the Wood cost from a broad list of economic upgrades and cuts Wood costs by 50% for six additional technologies; other resource costs remain.
Cherokee War Dance
Cherokee War Dance is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Cherokee settlement. It increases native warrior speed by 20%.
Cheyenne Fury
Cheyenne Fury is an Exploration Age upgrade reached from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Cheyenne settlement. It improves Cheyenne Rider bonus damage by 1.0× against Cavalry and 0.8× against Shock Troops.
Cheyenne Horse Trading
Cheyenne Horse Trading is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Cheyenne settlement. It reduces cavalry (except Tokala Soldiers), shock troops, Forbidden Army, and Mongolian Army training time by 40%; reduces standard Army, Black Flag Army, Ming Army, and Imperial Army training time by 20%.
Cheyenne Hunting Grounds
Cheyenne Hunting Grounds is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Cheyenne settlement. It provides 12 Bison.
Chodkiewicz Hetmans
Chodkiewicz Hetmans is an Age of Empires III technology available to Poles from the Imperial Age, researched at Sejm. It Hetman: +1,500 hit points, +50% damage, revived and fully healed.
Chouannerie
Chouannerie is an Exploration Age House of Bourbon technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo. It increases Villager bonus damage against Infantry by 1.0x; Coureurs des Bois and Cree Coureurs des Bois receive the smaller 0.66x increase instead.
Christian Schools
Christian Schools is a Jesuit Mission technology that reduces land Villager training time. It is available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Jesuit Mission settlement; Ethiopians can access it at a Mountain Monastery when they have the Jesuit Alliance. Its exact Age access differs for African civilization options.
Church Distilleries
Church Distilleries is a Revolution technology for the Cossack Hetmanate, researched at the Lavra Monastery. It unlocks Tavern Wagons, adds three to the Tavern build limit, improves Tavern Coin production and raises gathering from Folwarks and several Coin-producing buildings.
Church Organs
Church Organs is an Age of Empires III technology available to Ethiopians from the Fortress Age, researched at Mountain Monastery. It provides 1 Organ Gun for each Mountain Monastery present on the map.
Church Peasants
Church Peasants is a Revolution technology for the Cossack Hetmanate, researched at the Lavra Monastery. It unlocks Khutorian training at the Lavra, increases Khutorian hit points by 25% and grants them 0.1% health regeneration even in combat. The Monastery also gains the Increased Gather Rate Aura.
Church Wagon
Church Wagon is a Commerce Age Japanese Consulate technology that delivers a wagon for constructing a Church at a chosen site. It turns Consulate research into infrastructure and gives Japan access to the Church’s available unit or research options under the active rules.
Cinteotl Worship
Cinteotl Worship is an Age of Empires III technology available to Aztecs from the Fortress Age, researched at Farm. It provides 1 Eagle Runner Knight for every 2 minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes.
Cipactli Worship
Cipactli Worship is an Aztec naval technology that combines an immediate canoe delivery with a lasting warship improvement. It becomes available through the Dock, so it ties water control to the Aztec economy rather than functioning as a War Hut or Home City unit shipment.
Circular Saw
Circular Saw is the final Fortress Age upgrade in the European Market Wood line. After Log Flume, it increases Villager Wood gathering from trees and Mango Groves by 30%; it does not speed up construction.
City Walls
City Walls is an Age of Empires III technology available to Africans from the Fortress Age, researched at Wall; Church (Ethiopians) ; Mosque (Hausa) ; Mountain Monastery; University. It increases wall hit points by 600%.
Civil Servants
Civil Servants is an Exploration Age upgrade at the Asian Market. It improves Villager gathering by 5% from Hunts, Berry Bushes, Cherry Orchards, herdable animals, trees, Mango Groves, mines and Mountain Monasteries.
Clan Offerings
Clan Offerings is a Commerce Age Japanese Consulate technology that musters one Samurai at each eligible Castle. Its reward depends on the number and location of the player’s Castles, rather than being one fixed shipment.
Claymores
Claymores is a Commerce Age House of Stuart technology from Definitive Edition — The Baltic Powers. It unlocks Gallowglass training at Trading Posts and Tambos on House of Stuart palaces and adds one Gallowglass to every future Home City shipment.
Clenched Fist
Clenched Fist is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Shaolin Temple holy site. It increases ranged infantry all melee attack damage by 25%; increases carolean and hand skirmisher (except Urumi Swordsmen) all melee attack damage by 10%.
Coatlicue Worship
Coatlicue Worship is an Age of Empires III technology available to Aztecs from the Commerce Age, researched at Aztec House. It provides 1 Otontin Slinger for every 2 minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes.
Coca Cultivation
Coca Cultivation is an Industrial Age Inca Big Button technology researched at an Estate. It gives Estates a passive Coin trickle, allowing them to generate income without assigning Villagers to mine there. The total depends on how many Estates the Inca have built and the current Estate limit.
Code Napoleon
Code Napoleon is a Commerce Age French Church technology unlocked by the Edict of Nantes Home City Card. It increases Villager gathering across resources while raising the cost of all buildings, so its return depends on balancing an ongoing economic bonus against the infrastructure still to be constructed.
Coffee Trade
Coffee Trade is a Commerce Age Dutch Church technology unlocked after sending the Religious Freedom Home City Card. It raises the Bank build limit by two, but reduces Bank hit points by 20% under the current rule. This is an economic capacity trade-off that makes the newly permitted Banks more important to protect.
Coin Crates
Coin Crates is an Age of Empires III technology available to Chinese; Indians from the Fortress Age*, researched at Consulate. It provides 1 Huge Chests of Coin and 1 Chests of Coin (coin 600).
Coin Trickle
Coin Trickle is a Fortress Age Chinese Consulate technology that adds 1.65 Coin to the civilization’s passive resource trickle. It provides continuing income alongside Villager gathering, not an immediate Coin crate or shipment.
Collective Economy
Collective Economy is an Imperial Age Asian technology researched at a Rice Paddy after Rice Exports. It increases several Coin-gathering sources by 50%, including mines, Mountain Monasteries, Estates and Coin-mode agricultural buildings; Hacienda automatic Coin gathering and Fishing Ship whaling also improve.
Comanche Horse Breeding
Comanche Horse Breeding is an Exploration Age upgrade accessed from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Comanche settlement. It increases hit points of Cavalry and Shock Troops by 10%, improving the durability of those classes.
Comanche Mustangs
Comanche Mustangs is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Comanche settlement. It increases cavalry and shock troops speed by 5%.
Comanche Trade Language
Comanche Trade Language is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Comanche settlement. It Technology and Wonder coin cost -10%.
Compunction
Compunction is an Age of Empires III technology available to Asians from the Fortress Age*, researched at Monastery. It reduces outlaw hit points and damage +20%, training time by 50%; increases outlaw and treasure guardian hit points and damage by 30%.
Congress
Congress is an Imperial Age Polish technology researched at the Senate after the Democracy of Nobles Home City Card has transformed the Sejm into a Senate. It upgrades the Senate to Congress, removes its Settler-count scaling, changes its baseline resource generation and makes Heavy Cannons spawn faster.
Congress of Vienna
Congress of Vienna is a Knights of the Mediterranean Commerce Age technology that adds one shipment to the player’s inventory. It is researched at a Trading Post or, for the Inca, a Tambo built on a House of Habsburg palace.
Conscription
Conscription is a rapid militia call in Age of Empires III. Researching it immediately produces the defensive force assigned to the player’s civilization, making it an emergency reinforcement rather than a permanent unit unlock.
Contraband
Contraband is a Duchy of Warsaw Revolution technology that adds 300 Food, 300 Wood and 300 Coin to shipment tax collected at Town Centers. It requires the Kraków Republic Home City Card.
Cooperation
Cooperation is an Exploration Age technology for the Haudenosaunee and Lakota, researched at the Tribal Marketplace. It gives Villagers a passive Experience trickle while they work and reduces the Coin cost of Home City Cards by 25%.
Corselet
Corselet is a Commerce Age Church technology for the Spanish and, in Act I: Blood, the Knights of St. John campaign faction. Its documented access path requires the Royal Decree to Claim the New World Home City Card.
Counter Infantry Rifling
Counter Infantry Rifling is a Commerce Age military upgrade that sharpens specialist rifle units against infantry. It increases Rifle Infantry bonus damage against Heavy Infantry and counter-skirmisher bonus damage against Light Infantry.
County Government
County Government is an Age of Empires III technology available to Chinese from the Exploration Age, researched at Village. It increases village hit points by 10%.
Cow Loans
Cow Loans is an Age of Empires III technology available to Africans from the Fortress Age, researched at Livestock Market. It Fattened herded animals sold at Livestock Markets spawns an unfattened one.
Cree Kinship
Cree Kinship is an Exploration Age upgrade at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Cree settlement. It reduces the training time of Native warriors and Cree Coureur des Bois by 45%, accelerating both allied military production and this specialized worker line.
Cree Tanning
Cree Tanning is an Exploration Age upgrade accessed from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Cree settlement. It increases hit points of Infantry, Cavalry and Shock Troops by 5%, improving the durability of a broad set of military classes.
Cree Textile Craftsmanship
Cree Textile Craftsmanship is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Cree settlement. It reduces Building and construction-wagon costs by 10% and shortens construction time for buildings other than Wonders by 25%.
Crop Rotation
Crop Rotation is a Commerce Age technology for African civilizations, researched at the Granary. It increases Villager gathering work rate from Fields when those Fields are set to produce Coin by 10%. It costs 300 Wood and takes 30 seconds to research. The effect is source-specific: it does not improve Food gathering from every building or Coin collection at mines and Estates. New World Crops is listed as the next technology in this line.
Crown Grenadiers
Crown Grenadiers is a Fortress Age Polish Church technology requiring Sobieski’s Janissaries. It delivers ten Crown Grenadiers, gives them 10% more hit points and 0.25% health regeneration, and unlocks their training at Forts.
Crown Lands
Crown Lands is a Commerce Age technology reached through a Trading Post or Tambo. It adds 20 Experience to the player’s inventory for each building present on the map, up to a maximum of 10,000 Experience.
Crusader Knights
Crusader Knights is a Commerce Age Maltese Church technology that extends Sentinel and Hospitaller building-related benefits to enemy buildings. Papal Bull is required; Wall Guns also lets the Sentinel effect apply near enemy Walls.
Crushing Force
Crushing Force is an Age of Empires III technology available to Indians from the Industrial Age, researched at Monastery. It Brahmin hand attack Stomp chance +100%; increases elephant hand and trample attack damage by 15%.
Cry of Dolores
Cry of Dolores is a Commerce Age Mexican Cathedral technology that gives the Padre the named Cry of Dolores ability. It costs 400 Food, 400 Wood and 400 Coin and takes 30 seconds to research. The effect unlocks an ability for the Padre rather than delivering extra units or improving all Mexican troops. Its practical use therefore depends on having the Padre available and understanding the ability’s current in-game description before activating it.
Customized Merc Weapons
Customized Merc Weapons is an Age of Empires III technology available to John Black's Mercenaries (Act II: Ice) from the Fortress Age, researched at Church. It increases mercenary damage by 30%; Building cost +30%.
Czartoryski Patronage
Czartoryski Patronage is an Imperial Age Polish Sejm technology that requires Leszczyński Alliances. It gives Native Warriors +50% damage and +50% hit points, and adds 50 population space to the Sejm.
Deforestation
Deforestation is an Imperial Age technology that increases Villager Wood gathering from trees and Mango Groves by 50%. Europeans and Mexicans research it at the Capitol, Native Americans at a Market, and the Maya at a Town Center; Native American access requires Forest Spirit Ceremony.
Democracy of Nobles
Democracy of Nobles is an Industrial Age Polish technology in The Baltic Powers, researched at the Sejm in Independence mode. It changes the Sejm into a Senate that can spawn Cannons and uses only 50% of the Settler population for resource generation.
Día de Muertos; Diablada
Día de Muertos; Diablada is an Age of Empires III technology available to Mexicans; Peru from the Commerce Age (Mexicans) ; Revolution (Peru), researched at Cathedral. It Grants xp 5 for every unit lost so far.
Dike-Controlled Canals
Dike-Controlled Canals is the second Fortress Age technology in the Asian Rice Paddy Food-gathering chain. It adds 15% to Villager Food gathering from Mills, Farms, Food Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas, and improves Hacienda automatic Food income by 15%.
Dim Mak
Dim Mak is an Exploration Age upgrade accessed through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Shaolin Temple holy site. It increases Rattan Shield damage by 50%, strengthening the unit’s attacks without directly changing its health or movement.
Disruption
Disruption is a Commerce Age Danish technology in The Baltic Powers researched at the Watch House. It upgrades Snaphane and Mounted Friskytte against guardians and Villagers, increases their siege attacks and lets Snaphane collect Treasure and gather from crates.
Ducal Berg Lancers
Ducal Berg Lancers is a Fortress Age technology available through a Trading Post, or a Tambo for the Inca. It sends five Chevaulegers and increases their bonus damage against Infantry by 0.25×, combining an immediate cavalry reinforcement with a matchup improvement.
Dutch Brigade
Dutch Brigade is an Imperial Age Japanese Consulate technology that provides 28 Blue Guards and four Mortars. The package combines a large group of Guard Musketeers with dedicated siege units. It takes 90 seconds to research, so the option is designed for a prepared army rather than an immediate counter. The Blue Guards can form a screen for the Mortars, while the Mortars supply the group’s listed siege role.
Duty-free Area
Duty-free Area is a Revolution technology for the Duchy of Warsaw, researched at the Town Center. It gives the Town Center passive income of 0.75 Food, 0.5 Wood and 0.5 Coin per second, and improves Villager and Fishing Ship gathering work rate by 10%.
Earth Ceremony
Earth Ceremony is the Commerce Age step in an estate-based Coin technology line in Age of Empires III. Researched at an Estate, it increases income from Mines and other listed estate-style sources, and is required for Earth Gift Ceremony.
Earth Gift Ceremony
Earth Gift Ceremony is the Fortress Age continuation of an Estate-based Coin-gathering line. It improves Coin income from several estate-style and farm systems, including the Hacienda’s automatic production, so its value depends on where the civilization is actually sourcing Coin.
Eastern Medicine
Eastern Medicine is an Exploration Age Asian Market technology that improves Villagers and the separate group of units affected by Villager upgrades. It is also available to Ethiopians through their version-specific Market access.
Ebony Exports
Ebony Exports is an Age of Empires III technology available to Africans from the Imperial Age, researched at Livestock Market. It increases villager gathering from tree and Mango Grove by 30%.
Encomienda Manor
Encomienda Manor is a Portuguese Commerce Age Church technology that exchanges a 20% gathering bonus from Farms and Mills for a 5% gathering penalty on other resources. Treaty of Tordesillas must first be sent from the Home City.
Espingolen
Espingolen is an Age of Empires III technology available to Danes from the Industrial Age, researched at Round Church. It provides 6 Espingols; increases espingol hit points by 35%; Enables Espingols to be trained at Forts.
Excessive Taxation
Excessive Taxation is an Imperial Age technology researched at the Capitol by Europeans and Mexicans. It increases several Coin gathering rates by 50%, including Fishing Ship whaling and Hacienda automatic Coin, and raises the Bank build limit by two where Banks are available.
Excessive Tribute
Excessive Tribute is an Imperial Age economic technology for Native American civilizations in Age of Empires III: The WarChiefs. After Earth Gift Ceremony has been researched, it increases several Villager Coin gathering rates and Hacienda Coin auto-gather by 50%; Fishing Ships also gather Coin from Whales 50% faster.
Expeditionary Fleet
Expeditionary Fleet is an Industrial Age Consulate technology for the Indians and Japanese. Researching it delivers one Ironclad, giving the land-focused civilizations access to a heavy warship without using the ordinary Dock production queue.
Exploration Fleet
Exploration Fleet is an Age of Empires III technology available to Indians; Japanese from the Fortress Age, researched at Consulate. It provides 1 Caravel with 3 Petards in it.
Factory Wagon (shipment)
Factory Wagon is a Consulate or National Government research option that delivers one wagon able to establish a Factory. The same name covers distinct civilization routes: Chinese and Act III: India records use the Consulate, while Japan can obtain the wagon through Meiji Restoration. Their Age requirements and Export costs differ, so the Japanese Imperial Age option should not be read as the Chinese Industrial Age technology.
Fasting
Fasting is an Exploration Age economic technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Sufi Mosque holy site. It increases gathering for Villagers, Fishing Ships and Abuns and improves Hacienda Food and Coin auto-gather, but reduces Villager hit points by 40%.
Filiki Eteria
Filiki Eteria is an Exploration Age improvement researched at the Athos Monastery. It changes what happens when eligible Hero units are knocked out: they spawn two Evzones, with a smaller number for certain Heroes. The technology adds a recovery benefit to Hero engagements rather than increasing every unit’s attack or health directly.
First Guarantee
First Guarantee is a Commerce Age technology for the Mexicans in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition. After the Plan of Iguala Home City Card is sent, it lets a defeated Padre respawn for free at the Home City shipment point instead of being retrained at the Cathedral.
Fishing Fleet
Fishing Fleet is a Commerce Age Consulate technology available to Indians and Japanese. Completing it provides three Fishing Boats, adding naval workers directly rather than improving the gathering rate of boats already on the water. The research takes 30 seconds. Fishing Boats create value only when they have access to usable water and can work without being lost to enemy ships or shoreline pressure, so this technology links a unit delivery to map control.
Flaming Arrows
Flaming Arrows is a Commerce Age Lakota Dock technology that increases War Ship damage by 30%. It gives Lakota naval forces a stronger offensive role.
Flint Lock
Flint Lock is a Commerce Age Arsenal technology that raises the hit points of Gunpowder Troopers. The extra durability can help eligible firearm units remain in a fight, but it does not improve their attack or apply to every kind of infantry.
Flume and Ditching
Flume and Ditching is a Commerce Age technology that increases Villager Coin gathering from Mines and Mountain Monasteries by 10%. Asian civilizations research it at the Asian Market after Blanket Filters; Ethiopians can access it through an Indian Alliance at the listed 180 Influence cost.
Flying Buttress
Flying Buttress is an Exploration Age technology available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Jesuit Mission settlement, or through a Native Embassy for Mexicans. It increases building hit points by 20%.
Folk Heroes
Folk Heroes is an Age of Empires III technology available to Europeans from the Fortress Age, researched at Tavern; Lombard. It reduces outlaw hit points and damage +20%, training time by 50%; increases outlaw and treasure guardian hit points and damage by 30%.
Folwarks
Folwarks is an Age of Empires III technology from the Commerce Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Jagiellon palace. It Grants 15% of the cost of each farming building constructed as food and/or coin, retroactively.
Food Crates
Food Crates is an Exploration Age Consulate technology for the Chinese and Indians when allied with the French. It costs Export and delivers four Food crates for a total of 400 Food. This is a stored resource shipment rather than a permanent gathering bonus, and its current value differs from earlier versions.
Food Trickle
Food Trickle is a Chinese Consulate technology in Age of Empires III: The Asian Dynasties. It is researched after choosing the Germans as the Chinese alliance and adds 1.5 Food per second to the player’s resource trickle for the rest of the game. It costs 250 Export and takes 30 seconds; before update 61213 the cost was 200 Export. In Definitive Edition update 20322 its availability moved from Commerce Age to Exploration Age.
Forest People Ceremony
Forest People Ceremony is the Commerce Age second step in the Native American Wood-gathering technology line from The WarChiefs. After Lumber Ceremony, it increases gathering from trees and Mango Groves by a further 20% and unlocks Forest Spirit Ceremony.
Forest Spirit Ceremony
Forest Spirit Ceremony is a Fortress Age Wood technology for Native American civilizations, researched at a Market after Forest People Ceremony. It increases Villager gathering from trees and Mango Groves by 20%, then unlocks Deforestation as the next step in the Wood upgrade line.
Fort Wagon (shipment)
Fort Wagon is a Consulate or National Government technology that sends one wagon for building a Fort. Chinese players can research it through Russian Allies in the Fortress Age. The saved game data also lists an Act III: India-only version and a Japanese Imperial Age route through Meiji Restoration; the Japanese variant has its own lower Export cost.
Fortified Cities
Fortified Cities is an Age of Empires III technology available to Africans from the Industrial Age, researched at Town Center Town Center. It increases town Center, Palace, and Mountain Monastery/University hit points by 50%.
Founder
Founder is an Age of Empires III technology available to Aztecs from the Exploration Age, researched at Community Plaza. It Aztec War Chief aura triples XP kill bounty.
Freikorps
Freikorps is an Age of Empires III technology available to Prussia; German Confederation from the Revolution, researched at Academy. It Upgrades Burgher Militia to Freikorps; enables Freikorps to be trained at Houses; Freikorps are spawned when buildings are destroyed.
French Brigade
French Brigade is an Imperial Age Consulate technology for the Chinese and Indians that delivers 15 Gendarmes through the French Alliance. Gendarmes are the Consulate’s Cuirassier cavalry, making this a substantial mounted reinforcement.
Frontiersmen
Frontiersmen is an Exploration Age Market technology for the United States and Mexicans in Definitive Edition. It improves Villager durability and visibility, and also benefits units that receive Villager upgrades. Fishing Boats count as Villagers for this effect, so the upgrade can extend beyond workers on land.
Fulani Migrations
Fulani Migrations is a Fortress Age Hausa University technology requiring the Fulani Alliance. It gives Fulani Archers two additional Line of Sight, lets them gather Wood slowly from trees and grants a long-range attack.
Fur Dressing
Fur Dressing is an Age of Empires III technology available to Haudenosaunee; Lakota from the Exploration Age, researched at Market; Tribal Marketplace. It increases villager gathering from Tribal Marketplace and Mountain Monastery by 10%.
Gadaa System
Gadaa System is an Industrial Age Ethiopian Mountain Monastery technology requiring Oromo Alliance. It increases unit hit points and damage by 5%, raises Villager and Abun gathering work rate by 5%, and improves Mountain Monastery auto-gathering work rate by 5%.
Galata Tower District
Galata Tower District is a Commerce Age Ottoman Mosque technology. It raises the Yörük train limit by 20 and unlocks Topkapi as a follow-up research option, expanding the roster’s capacity to field these units.
Gang Saw
Gang Saw begins the European Market Wood-gathering line in the Exploration Age. It raises Villager gathering from trees and Mango Groves by 10%.
Gas Lighting
Gas Lighting is a Commerce Age visibility upgrade that extends the line of sight of buildings. It can reveal more of the approaches around a settlement or defensive position, giving the player additional warning when opponents move nearby. It changes vision only; it does not strengthen attacks or reveal the whole map.
Gerewol Festival
Gerewol Festival is an Age of Empires III technology available to Hausa from the Fortress Age, researched at University. It Land villager train bounty changes from experience to influence.
German Brigade
German Brigade is an Imperial Age Chinese Consulate technology that delivers 19 Prussian Needle Gunners and 15 Prussian Uhlans. The 90-second research produces a large combined force of ranged infantry and cavalry. The Needle Gunners provide ranged pressure while Uhlans add mobility, letting the package contribute across more than one battlefield role. It is a delayed delivery, so the units need to arrive before the army can use them.
Gill Nets
Gill Nets is an Exploration Age Dock technology that increases Fishing Ship gathering from fish and whales by 15%. It improves the return from an established water economy.
Goa Followership
Goa Followership is an Age of Empires III technology available to Ethiopians from the Fortress Age, researched at Mountain Monastery. It provides 1 Villager with every future Home City shipments.
Gold Purification
Gold Purification is an Industrial Age African upgrade that increases Villager gathering from Mines by 30%. Its benefit is limited to mine gathering, rather than all Coin income.
Golden Liberty
Golden Liberty is an Exploration Age technology available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Vasa palace. It reduces the Coin portion of unit costs by 5%, helping a Vasa-aligned army sustain production when Coin is the bottleneck.
Good Will Agreements
Good Will Agreements is an Age of Empires III technology available to Ethiopians from the Fortress Age, researched at Mountain Monastery. It Mahout Lancer and Howdah cost -15%, -1 population.
Grand Bazaar
Grand Bazaar is a Fortress Age Ottoman Mosque technology that reduces Yörük spawn time by eight seconds. It requires Koprulu Viziers, costs 300 Wood and takes 15 seconds to research. The effect changes the interval for Yörük spawning; it does not directly grant a fixed unit group or improve the Yörük’s combat statistics. Since the technology is reached through a prerequisite, it belongs to an Ottoman Mosque progression rather than an isolated universal upgrade.
Grand Duchy of Ruthenia
Grand Duchy of Ruthenia is the Cossack Hetmanate’s Revolution technology at the Lavra Monastery. It advances the player to the Industrial Age and enables the Guard Cossacks upgrade at the Barracks and Stable.
Grand Encampment
Grand Encampment is an Age of Empires III technology available to United States (campaign) (Act III: Steel) from the Commerce Age, researched at Church. It increases infantry hit points by 25%.
Great Coat
Great Coat is an Exploration Age Market upgrade that increases Villager hit points. It gives workers more time to reach shelter when raiders attack, but it does not turn them into combat units or remove the need to protect remote gathering.
Great Feast
Great Feast is an early food-gathering technology available at a Farm for eligible civilizations. It improves several renewable and natural Food sources, so it can benefit an economy that is hunting or tending cultivated sources rather than relying on only one type of gathering.
Greek Shipyards
Greek Shipyards is an Exploration Age technology in Knights of the Mediterranean available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Phanar palace. It increases Dock and Port training and research work rates by 40% and raises the Battleship build limit by one.
Green Corn Ceremony
Green Corn Ceremony is a Fortress Age follow-up in a food-gathering technology line. It improves Villager Food collection from the listed renewable sources and can also increase a Hacienda’s automatic Food production, extending the value of the earlier Farm research.
Guadalupanos
Guadalupanos is an Age of Empires III technology available to Mexicans from the Commerce Age, researched at Cathedral. It The Padre's Pacify can be used on/affects enemy military units.
Gun Running
Gun Running is an Age of Empires III technology available to Native Americans from the Commerce Age, researched at Native Embassy. It Enables Pistoleros, Comancheros, Renegados, Captured Mortars, and Wild West at Native Embassies.
Gun Trade
Gun Trade is an Exploration Age Lakota technology researched at the Estate. It increases damage for two named units, the Wakina Rifle and Rifle Rider, by 15%. The research costs 250 Wood and takes 10 seconds. The source data’s cost field has a duplicated Wood label, so this page records the unambiguous resource and amount while retaining the listed effect. The upgrade is unit-specific and should not be treated as a general bonus to every Lakota firearm or Cavalry unit.
Gunner's Quadrant
Gunner’s Quadrant is an Arsenal technology that adds 6 line of sight to Artillery. The extra vision supports positioning and helps guns see their surroundings.
Gustavian Guards
Gustavian Guards is an Age of Empires III technology available to Swedes from the Commerce Age, researched at Church. It provides 16 Gustavian Guards (Veteran Halberdiers); Halberdier resistance +5%, speed +0.25.
Hambacher Fest
Hambacher Fest is a Revolution technology for the German Confederation in The Baltic Powers. It is researched at the Capitol after the Frankfurt Assembly Home City Card has been sent. Its reward scales with Town Centers, Trading Posts and Forts already present, paying out both Wood and Citizens rather than granting a fixed force regardless of the settlement.
Hanami Parties
Hanami Parties is an Age of Empires III technology available to Japanese from the Exploration Age, researched at Asian Market. It increases villager gathering from Berry Bush and Cherry Orchard by 5%.
Hanseatic League
Hanseatic League is an Exploration Age technology available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Vasa palace. It provides four Torp Wagons, giving the Vasa economy additional mobile builders for establishing Torps.
Hardened Iron Axes
Hardened Iron Axes is an Exploration Age African Livestock Market upgrade that increases Villager Wood gathering from trees and Mango Groves by 5%. It is the first step in the line leading to Selective Logging.
Harvest Ceremony
Harvest Ceremony is a Native American Food-gathering technology that improves rates from eligible hunts, berries, orchards and listed farm sources. Where the Hacienda system is available, it also improves Food auto-gather. It is a completed research effect, not a Community Plaza dance that needs workers assigned afterward.
Haudenosaunee Lacrosse
Haudenosaunee Lacrosse is an Exploration Age alliance technology that increases Ranged Infantry damage by 10%. It is researched at a Trading Post or Tambo built on a Haudenosaunee settlement.
Haudenosaunee League
Haudenosaunee League is an Exploration Age Minor Civilization technology that unlocks Haudenosaunee Tomahawks and Haudenosaunee Mantlets at military buildings. After researching at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Haudenosaunee settlement, the units can be trained at Barracks, Forts, Strongholds and Agra Forts.
Haudenosaunee Morning Wars
Haudenosaunee Morning Wars is an Exploration Age technology reached through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Haudenosaunee settlement. It provides one Haudenosaunee Mantlet for each two minutes of game time elapsed, up to 30 minutes, making the reward larger later in a match.
Haudenosaunee Raiding Party
Haudenosaunee Raiding Party is a Fortress Age Town Center technology that sends ten Tomahawks after Haudenosaunee Scouting Party. It is the first of two upgrades in the Tomahawk delivery chain and was called Iroquois Raiding Party before Definitive Edition.
Haudenosaunee Scouting Party
Haudenosaunee Scouting Party is a Commerce Age Big Button technology researched at the Town Center in The WarChiefs and Definitive Edition. It sends five Tomahawks to the Home City arrival point after ten seconds for 500 Food. The five-unit delivery is faster than adding the same group through ordinary unit queues, but the shipment point and available population must be ready. Haudenosaunee Raiding Party is the next technology in the line.
Haudenosaunee War Party
Haudenosaunee War Party is the second Fortress Age Town Center technology in a Tomahawk delivery chain. After Haudenosaunee Raiding Party, it sends 15 Tomahawks; before Definitive Edition it was named Iroquois War Party.
Hausa Bakwai
Hausa Bakwai is a Commerce Age University technology for the Hausa that raises the civilization’s Town Center build limit by three. It is part of a named progression rather than a general Town Center upgrade shared by every civilization: Banza Bakwai follows it. The research costs 500 Influence and takes 30 seconds. Its value is tied to the Hausa’s ability to establish additional Town Centers and use them as part of expansion.
Heated Shot
Heated Shot is an Arsenal-era defense against naval forces. It improves artillery bombard attacks and building attacks that target ships, making it relevant when a fleet threatens a coastline or a naval route must be held. The bonus is specific to attacks against ships and should not be read as a general damage upgrade.
Heavy Riverboats
Heavy Riverboats is a Commerce Age technology for African civilizations, researched at the Port. It increases warship hit points by 25%, making the affected fleet more durable without raising its damage or movement speed. The research costs 400 Wood and 400 Coin and takes 30 seconds. It is a naval upgrade, so its return depends on having warships that will remain active in a river or coastal contest.
High Crusade
High Crusade is a Fortress Age Church technology for the Knights of St. John in Act I: Blood. It delivers eight Hoop Throwers and increases their hit points, grenade damage and hand damage by 20%, while reducing military hit points by 5% under the listed effect.
Hinterlader
Hinterlader is an Age of Empires III technology available to Prussia; German Confederation from the Revolution, researched at Factory. It Culverin, Horse Artillery, and Heavy Cannon Rate of Fire -10%.
Holy Mass
Holy Mass is an Age of Empires III technology available to Mexicans from the Commerce Age, researched at Cathedral. It provides 1 Large Collection of Books (xp 500) for every 10 minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes.
Homesteading
Homesteading is the Industrial Age continuation of the building-based Coin upgrade line. It increases Villager gathering from Estates, Coin-producing Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas by 20%; Hacienda Coin auto-gather also rises by 20%.
Horse Secrets
Horse Secrets is a Haudenosaunee Commerce Age Big Button technology researched at the Corral. It increases cavalry speed by 10% and reduces cavalry training time by 35%, improving both the army’s ability to move across the map and the rate at which it can be reinforced.
Horsemanship
Horsemanship is a Lakota Big Button technology researched at a Farm. In the current Definitive Edition rules identified after update 13.12327, it reduces cavalry training time by 33% and increases cavalry bonus damage against Walls by 1.0. The research costs 500 Coin and takes 10 seconds. Its current effect supports faster mounted production and gives cavalry a specific siege interaction; earlier Definitive Edition versions instead increased cavalry hit points by 10%, so the version boundary matters.
House of Habsburg
House of Habsburg is a German Exploration Age palace choice in Definitive Edition — Knights of the Mediterranean. Researching it at the Royal Embassy opens Line Infantry and Mounted Infantry production and upgrades there, with increased train limits and a one-population cost for each unit line.
House of Hanover
House of Hanover is one of the German Exploration Age Royal Embassy choices. It unlocks Black Brunswickers, Totenkopf Hussars and Drummers, raises their train limits, and disables the other listed German Houses, making it a roster branch rather than a universal upgrade.
House of Oldenburg
House of Oldenburg is an Age of Empires III technology available to Germans from the Exploration Age, researched at Royal Embassy. It Enables Royal Hunters and Northern Musketeer to be trained and upgraded at Royal Embassies; Royal Hunter train limit +7 and cost 2 population; Northern Musketeer train limit +8 and cost 1 population.
House of Wettin
House of Wettin is an Age of Empires III technology available to Germans from the Exploration Age, researched at Royal Embassy. It Enables Trabants and Saxon Cuirassiers to be trained and upgraded at Royal Embassies; Trabant train limit +10 and cost 1 population; Saxon Cuirassier train limit +7 and cost 3 population.
House of Wittelsbach
House of Wittelsbach is a German Exploration Age Royal Embassy choice in Knights of the Mediterranean. It unlocks Mountain Troopers and Chevaulegers at Royal Embassies, increases each unit’s train limit by five and changes their population costs. Selecting this house disables the other recorded German House branches, so the choice shapes the rest of the match.
Hualcana
Hualcana is a Fortress Age technology for the Incas, researched at the War Hut. It increases the resistance of Infantry and Shock troops by 5%, improving the durability of those categories rather than their attack. The listed cost is 50 Wood and 500 Coin, and research takes 10 seconds. Its broad class coverage can affect several parts of an Inca army, but the stated bonus does not imply that Cavalry, Artillery or Villagers receive the same effect.
Humboldt Reforms
Humboldt Reforms is an Age of Empires III technology available to Prussia; German Confederation from the Revolution, researched at Academy. It provides 1 Gold Prospector Wagon, 1 Grove Rickshaw, 1 random hunted animals, and 2 random herded animals.
Hunting Dogs
Hunting Dogs is an Exploration Age Market upgrade that increases Villager Food gathering from hunted animals by 10%. It improves the hunt economy specifically; it does not add Food to an animal or accelerate gathering from Farms, livestock or other sources.
Hunting Eagles
Hunting Eagles is an Exploration Age Market upgrade for Chinese, Indians and Ethiopians that improves Villager Food gathering from hunted animals. It begins an Asian Market technology line and is most useful while workers still have access to safe Hunts.
Hunting Expeditions
Hunting Expeditions is an Exploration Age economic technology from Definitive Edition — Knights of the Mediterranean. While Villagers hunt or Fishing Boats and Fishing Canoes gather Food from fish, they also generate Coin at 10% of their Food gathering rate. It adds a second resource stream to two Food economies.
Huron Fish Wedding
Huron Fish Wedding is an Exploration Age upgrade available from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Huron settlement. It increases Fishing Ship gathering work rate from fish and whales by 15%.
Huron Sun Ceremony
Huron Sun Ceremony is an Exploration Age technology at a Huron settlement that raises the Huron Mantlet train limit by 200%, from 10 to 30. It unlocks capacity for a large siege screen but does not deliver any Mantlets.
Huron Trade Dominance
Huron Trade Dominance is an Exploration Age technology at a Huron settlement that supplies Huron Mantlets over time. It delivers one Mantlet for every two minutes of game time, up to the 30-minute cap, linking its total reward to the match clock.
Immigrants
Immigrants is a late-game technology that provides 100 population of housing support and, in Definitive Edition, improves unit throughput. It is a large Coin investment intended to ease a housing and production bottleneck without increasing the civilization’s maximum population cap.
Imperial Bureaucracy
Imperial Bureaucracy is a Commerce Age Asian Market technology requiring Civil Servants. It increases Villager gathering work rate by 10% from Hunts, Berry Bushes, Cherry Orchards, herdable animals, trees, Mango Groves, mines and Mountain Monasteries.
Imperial Meiji Army
Imperial Meiji Army is an Imperial Age Meiji Japan technology at the Consulate or National Government. After Meiji Restoration, it increases the hit points and damage of five Meiji unit types—Musketeer, Grenadier, Rifleman, Uhlan and Dragoon—by 50%.
Imported Cannons
Imported Cannons is an Age of Empires III technology available to Africans from the Fortress Age, researched at Palace. It Enables Falconets, Culverins, and Mortars to be trained at Palaces for influence.
Improved Cannon Trade
Improved Cannon Trade is an Industrial Age African technology at the Town Center or Palace, requiring Imported Cannons. It changes the costs of listed artillery—Falconets, Culverins, Mortars, Napoleon Guns, Li’l Bombards, Gatling Camels, Heavy Cannons and Sebastopol Mortars—so their purchases use a split of Influence and Coin.
Improved Cordage
Improved Cordage is an Age of Empires III technology available to Native Americans from the Fortress Age, researched at Dock. It increases war Canoe, Tlaloc Canoe, and Chincha Raft hit points by 25%.
Improved Healing
Improved Healing is a Commerce Age Indian Monastery technology that raises Brahmin healing work rate by 67%. It strengthens recovery between engagements for armies accompanied by Brahmin without increasing the maximum hit points of units being healed.
Inca Raiding Party
Inca Raiding Party is an Age of Empires III technology available to Inca from the Fortress Age, researched at Town Center. It provides 12 Plumed Spearmen.
Inca Scouting Party
Inca Scouting Party is an Age of Empires III technology available to Inca from the Commerce Age, researched at Town Center. It provides 5 Plumed Spearmen.
Inca War Party
Inca War Party is an Age of Empires III technology available to Inca from the Industrial Age, researched at Town Center. It Ships 20 Plumed Spearmen.
Incendiary Grenades
Incendiary Grenades is a Commerce Age Arsenal upgrade for eligible grenade units. It increases their building siege bonus damage by 15% and expands their area of effect.
Indian Friendship
Indian Friendship is an Age of Empires III technology available to John Black's Mercenaries (Act II: Ice) from the Fortress Age, researched at Church. It increases native warrior hit points by 25%.
Infantry Breastplate
Infantry Breastplate is a Commerce Age defensive improvement that raises the hit points of two broad ground-unit classes: Hand Infantry and Foot Archers. It is researched at an Arsenal for many civilizations, while some Native civilizations use their own military building. The upgrade increases staying power rather than attack damage, so its value depends on having enough eligible troops to benefit.
Inti Festival
Inti Festival is an Exploration Age Market technology for the Incas. Its recorded effect adds one shipment to the player’s inventory, increasing the number of Home City shipments available to call. It costs 1,000 Coin and takes 10 seconds to research. This is a shipment-capacity effect: it does not itself deliver a unit group or resource shipment, and the player still chooses which available card to send.
Intonjutsu Stealth
Intonjutsu Stealth is an Age of Empires III technology available to Japanese from the Commerce Age, researched at Monastery. It Sohei Archers can use stealth mode and get the Dodge ability.
Inuit Qimmiit
Inuit Qimmiit is a Commerce Age technology available at a Trading Post or Tambo on an Inuit settlement. It gives Inuit Qamutiks a death effect that spawns one Inuit Hunter and one Husky, and unlocks Husky training at eligible Inuit settlements and Native Embassies.
Inuit Resourcefulness
Inuit Resourcefulness is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on an Inuit settlement. It reduces the cost of Inuit Hunters and Inuit Qamutiks and unlocks the Arctic Acclimation ability at Inuit settlement sites, supporting a more affordable Inuit force and a separate map-related option.
Inuit Sleds
Inuit Sleds is an Exploration Age technology available through a Trading Post or Tambo on an Inuit settlement in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition — The Baltic Powers. It delivers a Trading Post Travois and increases movement speed for several construction and Inuit units.
Iowa Farmlands
Iowa Farmlands is an Imperial Age United States State Capitol technology. It increases Villager Food gathering from Mills, Farms, Food Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas by 40%, and raises Hacienda passive Food generation by 40%.
Irreechaa
Irreechaa is an Industrial Age Ethiopian Mountain Monastery technology that makes newly built Fields grant 10 Influence. It requires Oromo Alliance, costs 75 Influence and takes 20 seconds to research. The effect is tied to building Fields after the technology is active; it does not immediately grant 10 Influence for Fields that were already built. This links economic expansion to the Ethiopian Influence resource used by alliance and other civilization options.
Irrigation Channels
Irrigation Channels is a Fortress Age Food-gathering technology in the Asian Rice Paddy chain. After Paddy Threshing, it improves Villager gathering from Mills, Farms, Food Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas by 15%, and raises Hacienda automatic Food income by 15%.
Jacobite Rising
Jacobite Rising is a Fortress Age technology associated with the House of Stuart in The Baltic Powers. It is researched at a Trading Post or Tambo built on a House of Stuart palace. The technology converts the player’s existing building network into a mixed reinforcement package: different building groups call in Highlanders, Gallowglasses, Bagpipers, Clansmen and Lowlanders.
Jagiellonian Legacy
Jagiellonian Legacy is a Fortress Age technology for the House of Jagiellon palace. Researching it repeats the units and resources granted by the player’s completed age-up researches, so its payoff depends on which politicians or Federal State rewards were chosen.
Kalmar Fleet
Kalmar Fleet is a Fortress Age Danish Customs House technology. It provides 50-Wood crates in proportion to qualifying warships lost or sunk and Home City shipments already received, turning the fleet and shipment history into an economic return.
Kalthoff Repeaters
Kalthoff Repeaters is an Age of Empires III technology from the Fortress Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Oldenburg palace. It Light infantry and counter skirmisher bonus damage against light infantry +0.1x, Royal Huntsman and Royal Hunter bonus damage +0.5x instead.
Kamidana
Kamidana is an Industrial Age Japanese technology researched at the Dojo. It reduces Dojo unit spawn time by 20%, improving the rate at which the building’s automatic unit production completes. The research costs 300 Food and 300 Coin and takes 30 seconds. Since Dojos generate units over time, the improvement applies to an ongoing stream rather than arriving as an immediate army shipment. It is specific to Dojo production and does not accelerate units trained from every Japanese building.
Kano Chronicle
Kano Chronicle is an Age of Empires III technology available to Hausa from the Commerce Age, researched at University. It provides 1 Hausa Builder with every future Home City shipments.
Kapikulu Corps
Kapikulu Corps is an Industrial Age Ottoman Mosque technology that provides five Sipahis and increases Sipahi hand resistance by 10%. It costs 2,500 Food and takes 15 seconds to research. The option combines an immediate unit delivery with a defensive improvement for the Sipahi line, so it supports both reinforcement and future production. The high Food cost requires an economy prepared for a late-game army commitment.
Kayakujutsu
Kayakujutsu is an Industrial Age Japanese Monastery technology that grants Sohei Archers the Sabotage ability. The effect is specific to Sohei Archers and supplies a special action rather than a general damage increase for Japanese archers.
Kebele Chitet
Kebele Chitet is an Exploration Age Town Center technology for the Ethiopians. It spawns four Levied Spearmen for 80 Food and 80 Coin, with a five-second research time. This gives the player a small group of immediate military units through a research button rather than a standard production queue. The units are Levied Spearmen, so the technology’s contribution is a close-combat force, not a ranged attack or economic shipment.
Kebra Nagast
Kebra Nagast is an Exploration Age University technology for the Ethiopians that shortens the next Alliance Age up by 50 seconds. It is one of the Ethiopian options that uses Influence, linking the research choice to the same resource used for alliance decisions. The technology costs 450 Influence and takes 10 seconds to research. Its stated time reduction applies to the next Alliance Age advancement, not to every age-up thereafter.
Kęsgaila Agriculture
Kęsgaila Agriculture is a Fortress Age Polish technology researched at the Sejm, or at the Rada for the Cossack Hetmanate. It increases Villager gathering from Folwarks by 5% and raises the Sejm’s passive Food generation by 20%.
Khmelnytsky Hetmans
Khmelnytsky Hetmans is a Fortress Age technology for the Cossack Hetmanate in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition - The Baltic Powers. It strengthens and restores the Hetman, including reviving him if he has fallen.
Klamath Huckleberry Feast
Klamath Huckleberry Feast is an Age of Empires III technology from the Commerce Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Klamath settlement. It provides 1 Crates of Food and 1 Tiny Crate of Food (food 150) for every 3 minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes.
Klamath Strategy
Klamath Strategy is an Age of Empires III technology from the Fortress Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Klamath settlement. It increases klamath Rifleman damage by 25%.
Klamath Work Ethos
Klamath Work Ethos is an Exploration Age technology reached through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Klamath settlement. It increases gathering work rate by 5% for Villagers, Fishing Ships and Klamath Riflemen.
Knighthood
Knighthood is an Imperial Age technology for European civilizations, researched at the Capitol. It increases Hero hit points by 1,000 and unlocks Peerage as a further research option.
Knights of the Hospital
Knights of the Hospital is a Fortress Age Maltese Church technology. It sends one Hospitaller for every Hospital already on the map, up to 25, and unlocks Hospital construction for Hospitallers. The technology rewards players who establish the Maltese healing and infantry network before researching it.
Koncerz
Koncerz is a Fortress Age technology associated with the House of Vasa in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition — Knights of the Mediterranean. It delivers five Winged Hussars and improves their Lance Charge by extending its range and area of effect.
Koniecpolski Estates
Koniecpolski Estates is a Fortress Age Polish economic technology in The Baltic Powers. It increases Villager Coin gathering from mines, Estates and Mountain Monasteries by 5%, and improves the Sejm’s automatic Coin gathering by 20%.
Königstein
Königstein is an Age of Empires III technology from the Commerce Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Wettin palace. It provides 1 Fort Wagon; Fort build limit +1; enables Forts to be built in the Commerce Age.
Koprulu Viziers
Koprulu Viziers is an Age of Empires III technology available to Ottomans from the Commerce Age*, researched at Mosque. It Yörük spawn time -6 seconds.
Kumis
Kumis is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo built on a Tengri Shrine holy site. It supplies a Yak carrying additional Food every three minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes, so its value depends on researching early and having time to collect the later deliveries.
Kyudo
Kyudo is a Fortress Age Japanese Monastery technology that raises the damage cap for Sohei Archer ranged and hand attacks by 50%. It costs 500 Wood and 500 Coin and takes 15 seconds to research. The effect is specific to the Sohei Archer and its two listed attack types; it does not increase the damage of Yumi Archers or all Japanese ranged units. Its value depends on fielding the affected unit and on the attack cap actually limiting its damage.
Lacrosse
Lacrosse is an Age of Empires III technology available to Haudenosaunee from the Commerce Age, researched at War Hut. It Tomahawk, Aenna, and Forest Prowler Line of Sight and ranged attack range +2.
Lakota Horse Trading
Lakota Horse Trading is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Lakota settlement in Age of Empires III. It speeds up several cavalry, Shock troop and Banner Army production lines, helping replace losses or assemble reinforcements sooner.
Lakota Hunting Grounds
Lakota Hunting Grounds is an Exploration Age technology at a Lakota settlement that sends 12 Bison to the Home City shipment point. It supplies huntable livestock rather than an instant Food crate.
Lakota Lands
Lakota Lands is an Exploration Age technology researched at the Teepee. It increases Teepee line of sight and effect range by 40, and grants nearby units 10% more speed; Villagers receive a 7.9% speed increase.
Lakota Tokala Soldiers
Lakota Tokala Soldiers is an Age of Empires III technology available to Lakota from the Commerce Age, researched at Town Center. It provides 1 Tokala Soldier for every 3 minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes.
Large Scale Agriculture
Large Scale Agriculture is an Imperial Age Food technology available to European civilizations and the Mexicans. It raises Villager Food gathering from Mills, Farms, Food-producing Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas by 50%; Hacienda automatic Food production also increases by 50%. It improves farming infrastructure, not hunting or Coin gathering.
Large Scale Farming
Large Scale Farming is an Imperial Age African Granary technology from The African Royals. It increases Villager Field construction and gathering rates by 35% and improves Fishing Ship Coin gathering from Whales by 35%, linking agriculture and coastal income in one upgrade.
Large Scale Gathering
Large Scale Gathering is an Imperial Age Food upgrade for Farms and other listed renewable sources in Age of Empires III. It improves eligible Farm and Hacienda Food production, including the stated bonus for livestock being fattened at Farms.
League of Armed Neutrality
League of Armed Neutrality is a Commerce Age technology associated with the House of Oldenburg in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition — Knights of the Mediterranean. It replaces Royal Huntsmen with Royal Hunters at Trading Posts, Native Embassies and on the map.
Legendary Canoes
Legendary Canoes is an Imperial Age African Port technology. It increases the hit points and damage of Fishing Canoes, Battle Canoes and Cannon Boats by 50%, and upgrades Battle Canoes and Cannon Boats to their Legendary forms.
Legendary Native Warriors; Exalted Natives
Legendary Native Warriors; Exalted Natives is an Age of Empires III technology available to All from the Imperial Age, researched at Capitol (Europeans and Mexicans) ; Town Center (Asians, Maya, and Native Americans) ; State Capitol (United States). It increases upgrades native warriors to Legendary/Exalted/Imperial (hit points and damage by 50%; Somali Darood Militia ranged attack range +2.
Legendary War Boats
Legendary War Boats is an Age of Empires III technology available to Native Americans from the Imperial Age, researched at Dock. It increases war Canoe, Tlaloc Canoe, and Chincha Raft hit points and damage by 25%.
Leipzig Trade Fair
Leipzig Trade Fair is an Exploration Age technology accessed through a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Wettin palace. It resets the Market’s buy and sell rates, restoring more favorable exchange terms after repeated resource trades.
Lenape Ceremony
Lenape Ceremony is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Lenape settlement. It Lenape Warrior train limit +10.
Lenape Clans
Lenape Clans is an Exploration Age upgrade accessed from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Lenape settlement. It reduces the Lenape Warrior’s War Cry cooldown by 15%, letting the unit recover its special ability sooner.
Lenape Three Sisters
Lenape Three Sisters is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Lenape settlement. It increases villager gathering from Mill, Farm, Rice Paddy (food), Field (food), and Hacienda (food) by 30%; Hacienda auto gather food work rate for food +30%.
Leszczyński Alliances
Leszczyński Alliances is a Fortress Age Polish technology researched at the Sejm, or at the Rada for the Cossack Hetmanate. It improves Native warrior access by reducing their cost by 20% and increasing their train limit by 20; the Sejm also gains 50 population space.
Levy
Levy is an Exploration Age call-up technology for European civilizations and Federal Americans in Definitive Edition. Researching it summons six militia units instead of unlocking a permanent production line. Depending on the civilization and ruleset, the delivery uses its militia variant: Militiamen, Minutemen, Bashibozuks, Burgher Militia or Snaphaner.
Liberum Veto
Liberum Veto is a Polish Commerce Age Church technology that trades research time for lower costs on selected economic and political technologies. It requires the Treaty of Lublin Home City Card and itself costs 75 Influence to research.
Lifeguard Jaegers
Lifeguard Jaegers is a Russian Church technology selected through the Reformist Tsar Home City Card. It replaces a cavalry shipment with a group of Counter Jaegers.
Liturgy
Liturgy is a Commerce Age Mexican Cathedral technology that changes how the Padre heals. After research, the Padre heals all units within range simultaneously rather than healing them one at a time. The technology costs 100 Food, 100 Wood and 100 Coin and takes 30 seconds. Its benefit is strongest when several damaged units are grouped around the Padre, because one support unit can restore health across the nearby force at once.
Livestock Pen Wagon (shipment)
Livestock Pen Wagon is a Japanese Consulate technology added to the Dutch alliance route in Definitive Edition update 20322. It sends one wagon that builds a Livestock Pen. The pen provides Goats for Japanese Shrines, but those Goats cannot be harvested for Food; their purpose is to occupy available animal space at Shrines and support the Shrine system.
Log Flume
Log Flume is the Commerce Age follow-up in the European and Federal American Market Wood-upgrade line. After Gang Saw, it increases Villager gathering from trees and Mango Groves by 20%.
Long Lines
Long Lines is a Commerce Age Dock technology that improves the gathering rate of Fishing Ships. It is the second step after Gill Nets, so it rewards a player who has already invested in water economy and expects the boats to continue working.
Loyal Nootka War Chief
Loyal Nootka War Chief is an Age of Empires III technology from the Commerce Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Nootka settlement. It provides 1 Nootka War Chief; Enables Nootka War Chief to be retrained at Trading Posts, Tambos, Native Embassies and heroes.
Lubomirski Estates
Lubomirski Estates is an Age of Empires III technology available to Poles from the Imperial Age, researched at Sejm. It increases villager: gathering from mines, Estates, Mountain Monasteries by 30%; increases sejm: auto gathering from coin by 15%.
Lumber Ceremony
Lumber Ceremony is an Exploration Age Market technology in The WarChiefs that increases Villager Wood gathering from trees and Mango Groves by 20%. It also unlocks Forest People Ceremony as the next step in the line.
Maison du Roi
Maison du Roi is an Age of Empires III technology from the Industrial Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Bourbon palace. It provides 1 Royal Horseman with every future Home City shipment; enables Royal Horsemen to be trained at Trading Posts/Tambos placed on House of Bourbon palaces.
Mansa Musa Epic
Mansa Musa Epic is a Commerce Age Hausa technology researched at the University after choosing the Songhai Alliance. For 500 Influence and 10 seconds of research, it returns Coin equal to 10% of the player’s cumulative resources earned from mining and Trade Routes, subject to separate source caps.
Maple Festival
Maple Festival is a Fortress Age Haudenosaunee Estate technology that delivers a 500-Coin crate for each ten-minute interval of game time, up to 30 minutes. It provides timed resource crates rather than continuous Coin gathering.
Mapuche Ad-mapu
Mapuche Ad-mapu is an Exploration Age upgrade researched through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Mapuche settlement. It reduces unit Coin costs by 10%, making it a production-economy investment rather than a direct shipment.
Mapuche Allies
Mapuche Allies is a Native Embassy branch for the Inca and, after the Revolution, Peru. It unlocks Mapuche Bolas Riders and three Mapuche technologies while disabling the Carib, Quechua and Zapotec branches.
Mapuche Tactics
Mapuche Tactics is an Exploration Age alliance technology that increases Hand Infantry siege attack by 50%. It improves the force's ability to damage buildings; it does not raise the units' ordinary attacks against other troops.
Mapuche Treaty of Quillin
Mapuche Treaty of Quillin is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Mapuche settlement. Its timed Coin deliveries reward an early investment in a continuing match, while its cost competes with early economic and military choices.
Marriage Politics
Marriage Politics is an Exploration Age technology available from a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Wettin palace. It reduces Age-up and Wonder costs by 15%, lowering the price of two major progression investments.
Mass Cavalry
Mass Cavalry is an Industrial Age technology in the standard civilization roster, with an earlier Commerce Age route for specific African civilizations. It reduces Cavalry training time and is researched at a civilization-dependent Church, Mosque, Meeting House, Cathedral or Basilica. The building and age are part of its availability, not interchangeable access for every civilization.
Mass Production
Mass Production is an Industrial Age Factory technology that reduces training time by 25% for Heavy Cannon, Rocket, Great Bombard and Papal Bombard. The effect applies only to the named artillery units.
Master Lessons
Master Lessons is an Exploration Age technology obtained from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Zen Temple holy site. It increases Hand Infantry damage by 10%, improving the attacks of units that match that classification.
Maya Calendar
Maya Calendar is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Maya settlement. It increases Villager Food gathering from hunts and renewable farming sources by 10%, and raises Hacienda automatic Food gathering by the same amount.
Maya Cotton Armor
Maya Cotton Armor is a technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Maya settlement. It increases the durability of two infantry classes.
Maya Pyramids
Maya Pyramids is a Commerce Age technology available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Maya settlement, or a Native Embassy when the Maya roster is accessible. It delivers an American Citadel Travois, which can construct a free American Citadel.
Mazepa Architecture
Mazepa Architecture is a Fortress Age Cossack Hetmanate Rada technology requiring Branicki Architecture. It increases Villager tree gathering by 25%, raises the Rada’s passive Wood generation by 50%, and increases building hit points by 25%.
Mechanized Rice Cultivation
Mechanized Rice Cultivation is the Imperial Age capstone of the Asian Rice Paddy Food-gathering chain. After Dike-Controlled Canals, it improves Villager Food gathering from Mills, Farms, Food Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas by 50%, and Hacienda automatic Food gathering by 50%.
Medical Science
Medical Science is an Age of Empires III technology available to United States from the Commerce Age, researched at Meeting House. It increases healing unit hit points by 35%; increases field Hospital build time -15%, hit points by 15%.
Meditation
Meditation is an Exploration Age technology reached through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Zen Temple holy site. It adds 1,000 Experience to the player’s inventory, moving the Home City shipment meter toward another card.
Meiji Restoration
Meiji Restoration is an Age of Empires III technology available to Japanese from the Industrial Age, researched at Consulate. It Advances the player to the Imperial Age; Overhauls the Japanese military among other bonuses and drawbacks (see Effects).
Mercantilism
Mercantilism is a Commerce Age technology that converts Coin into 2,000 Experience toward Home City shipment progress. It can bring a useful shipment forward without relying on treasure collection or fighting, but the research itself does not select a card or deliver the shipment.
Merchant Marine
Merchant Marine is a Japanese Commerce Age technology researched at the Consulate in Age of Empires III: The Asian Dynasties and Definitive Edition. It halves Home City shipment arrival time, changing when a chosen card reaches play rather than changing what the shipment contains.
Meritocracy
Meritocracy is an Exploration Age upgrade available from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Zen Temple holy site. It reduces the cost of unit upgrades by 20%. It applies to upgrades for units, not the purchase price of newly trained troops, so its return depends on how much of the army the player intends to improve.
Middle Guard
Middle Guard is an Age of Empires III technology available to French from the Fortress Age*, researched at Church. It provides 8 Young Guards and renames them to Middle Guards; Grants Incendiary Grenades.
Military Drummers
Military Drummers is a Commerce Age Arsenal upgrade that increases Infantry movement speed by 10%. It helps a foot army keep pace across the map or reposition between fights.
Military Rickshaw (shipment)
Military Rickshaw is a Japanese Consulate technology in The Asian Dynasties. Under Japanese Isolation it delivers one construction rickshaw that becomes either a Barracks or a Stable at no additional building cost. The Torii Gates Wonder is a separate route that can also provide a Military Rickshaw when advancing to the Commerce or Fortress Age; it is not a prerequisite for the Consulate technology.
Millet System
Millet System is an Exploration Age Ottoman Mosque technology that reduces Yörük spawn time by four seconds. It costs 75 Wood and takes 15 seconds to research. The effect accelerates the listed Yörük spawning process; it is not a direct combat upgrade and does not itself add a fixed group of Yörüks. Koprulu Viziers is listed as a further research option in this Mosque progression.
Mission Fervor
Mission Fervor is a Commerce Age technology introduced in The WarChiefs and available through religious buildings whose access depends on civilization. It improves healing units and has separate rules for Inquisitors, Abuns and the Italian Priest shipment. Those differences matter because the generic healer bonus does not describe every civilization’s effect.
Mountain State Gold Rush
Mountain State Gold Rush is an Age of Empires III technology available to United States; California from the Imperial Age (United States) ; Revolution (Mexicans), researched at State Capitol. It increases villager gathering from mine, Mountain Monastery, Estate, Rice Paddy (coin), Field (coin), and Hacienda (coin) by 40%; increases fishing ship gathering from whale by 40%; increases hacienda auto gathering from coin by 40%.
Multinationalism
Multinationalism is an Age of Empires III technology from the Fortress Age, researched at Trading Post; Tambo (Inca only). It provides 8 random European mercenaries.
Nanban Trade
Nanban Trade is a Commerce Age Japanese Consulate technology that increases crate and Trade Route inventory by 25%. It strengthens the resources associated with those Japanese economic interactions rather than increasing every gathering rate.
Navajo Craftsmanship
Navajo Craftsmanship is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Navajo settlement. It increases villager gathering from mine, Tribal Marketplace, Mountain Monastery, Estate, Rice Paddy (coin), Field (coin), and Hacienda (coin) by 20%; increases fishing ship gathering from whale by 20%; increases abun gathering from Mountain Monastery by 20%.
Navajo Shepherds
Navajo Shepherds is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Navajo settlement. It increases herded animals gathering from Livestock Pen, Farm, Village, Livestock Market, and Hacienda by 30%; gather XP work rate for Sacred Field +30%, for Shrine +35%.
Navajo Weaving
Navajo Weaving is an Exploration Age upgrade available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Navajo settlement. It increases hit points of Infantry, Cavalry and Shock Troops by 5%, improving durability across several military classes.
New Mexico Immigration
New Mexico Immigration is an Industrial Age United States technology researched at the State Capitol. It adds 100 population support, reduces unit training time by 10%, and becomes cheaper and faster to research for each Immigrant Home City Card already sent.
New Order Infantry
New Order Infantry is an Age of Empires III technology available to Ottomans from the Fortress Age*, researched at Mosque. It provides 20 Nizam Fusiliers; Replaces Janissaries from Home City shipments with Nizam Fusiliers; Enables Nizam Fusiliers to be trained at Barracks, Forts, and Galleons in the Industrial Age.
New World Crops
New World Crops is an Age of Empires III technology available to Africans from the Fortress Age, researched at Granary. It increases villager gathering from Field (coin) by 20%.
New Year Festival
New Year Festival is an Age of Empires III technology available to Aztecs; Haudenosaunee; Lakota from the Exploration Age, researched at Market. It Adds xp +2,000 to inventory.
Nomadic Bandits
Nomadic Bandits is a Fortress Age African Watch Tower technology. It reduces Outlaw hit points and damage by 20% and training time by 30%; its listed later-age effects improve Outlaws and Treasure guardians by 30% in the Industrial Age and 50% in the Imperial Age.
Nootka Bark Clothing
Nootka Bark Clothing is an Exploration Age economic technology available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Nootka settlement. It increases Villager hit points by 50% and grants a 15% hit-point bonus to units affected by Villager upgrades.
Nootka Potlatch
Nootka Potlatch is an Exploration Age upgrade at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Nootka settlement. It reduces Nootka Clubman cost by 10% and cuts their training time by 50%, making it easier to replace or mass the unit line.
Oktoberfest
Oktoberfest is a Commerce Age technology in Knights of the Mediterranean available through a Trading Post or Inca Tambo on a House of Wittelsbach palace. It refunds 1% of the resource cost of units trained so far, up to 2,500 of each resource.
Old Guard
Old Guard is an Age of Empires III technology available to French from the Industrial Age, researched at Church. It provides 15 Young Guards and renames them to Old Guards (also changes their visual); extends grenadier and Old Guard line of sight by 2; increases old Guard hand attack damage by 100%.
Ordenança
Ordenança is a Portuguese Industrial Age Church technology in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition. It becomes available after the Treaty of Tordesillas Home City Card has been sent and changes both the Crossbowman production line and the existing Crossbowmen in the army.
Order of the Black Eagle
Order of the Black Eagle is a Revolution technology in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition - The Baltic Powers. Prussia and the German Confederation research it at the Academy to improve heroes.
Order of the Tower and the Sword
Order of the Tower and the Sword is an Industrial Age Portuguese Church technology. It delivers 11 Order Knights, also called Black Riders, unlocks their training at the Tavern, and improves their hit points by 15% and hand attack damage by 30%.
Oregon Trail
Oregon Trail is a State Capitol technology for the United States, California and Texas, with access also listed for the Mexican Revolution. It reduces Construction Wagon cost by 25% and increases their hit points and speed by 25%. The upgrade improves the mobile units used to establish buildings, rather than every structure after construction.
Ostrogski Agriculture
Ostrogski Agriculture is an Age of Empires III technology available to Poles from the Imperial Age, researched at Sejm. It increases villager: gathering from Folwark by 30%; increases sejm: auto gathering from food by 15%.
Ottoman Brigade
Ottoman Brigade is an Imperial Age Indian Consulate technology that delivers 13 Baghdad Janissaries and four Consulate Great Bombards. It takes 90 seconds to research and combines a large infantry body with heavy artillery. The Janissaries can form a protective frontline for the Great Bombards, while the guns provide long-range siege pressure. The units arrive through the technology rather than a standard training queue, and the resulting army still needs careful handling.
Paddy Threshing
Paddy Threshing is a Commerce Age Asian Rice Paddy technology. It increases Villager Food gathering by 15% from Mills, Farms, Food Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas, and raises Hacienda passive Food output by 15%.
Pancerz
Pancerz is a Commerce Age technology accessed through a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Jagiellon palace. It increases ranged resistance by 10% for Hand Cavalry and Hand Shock Troops, improving their protection from ranged attacks.
Papacy
Papacy is a Commerce Age Italian Basilica technology that raises the Basilica build limit by one and doubles Basilica construction time. It opens another site for Italian production and research, but makes each Basilica take longer to complete.
Paper Cartridge
Paper Cartridge is a Commerce Age Arsenal upgrade for gunpowder damage. It raises Gunpowder Trooper damage by 15%; Pirates with Letter of Marque instead receive 10% more ranged attack damage.
Patrol
Patrol is an Age of Empires III technology available to United States from the Commerce Age, researched at Town Center; Outpost; Blockhouse; Fort. It Spawns 6 Tercios.
Peacemakers
Peacemakers is an Age of Empires III technology available to Federal Americans; Mexico from the Industrial Age; Revolution (Mexico), researched at Saloon. It increases outlaw hit points and damage by 10%.
Peerage
Peerage is an Age of Empires III technology available to Europeans from the Imperial Age, researched at Capitol. It increases hero hit points +1,000, ranged and hand attack damage by 100%.
Pennsylvania Cavalry
Pennsylvania Cavalry is a Commerce Age United States Meeting House technology that provides five Carbine Cavalry. It costs 625 Coin and takes 15 seconds to research. The option gives the American army a direct mounted reinforcement through a technology choice rather than relying on a normal cavalry production queue. Carbine Cavalry still needs population room and should be used according to its unit profile and the enemy’s anti-cavalry response.
Pennsylvania Pound
Pennsylvania Pound is a Commerce Age United States technology at the Meeting House, unlocked through the Pennsylvania Federal State and Philadelphia Convention Home City Card. It adds 2.5 to the Coin trickle rate, while reducing Coin gathering from several buildings and Whales by 10%.
Percussion Lock
Percussion Lock is a Fortress Age Dock technology that increases War Ship Broadside damage by 50%. It improves one attack mode rather than increasing every naval attack.
Petrine Reforms
Petrine Reforms is an Age of Empires III technology available to Russians from the Industrial Age, researched at Church. It Grants Guard/Royal Guard upgrade for Strelet, Rekrut*, Poruchik*, Cossack, Oprichnik, Cavalry Archer, and Grenadier.
Phanarion
Phanarion is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Athos Monastery. It Grants 1 Evzone for every 2 buildings owned by the player up to 80 Evzones.
Philhellenism
Philhellenism is an Age of Empires III technology from the Industrial Age, researched at Trading Post; Tambo (Inca only). It reduces native warrior, outlaw, and mercenary cost and training time by 10%.
Pilgrimage
Pilgrimage is an Exploration Age economic technology available at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Sufi Mosque holy site. It provides one Fattened Goat for every two minutes of elapsed game time, up to 30 minutes, for a maximum of 15 goats.
Pillage
Pillage is a Commerce Age Arsenal upgrade that increases building siege damage by 25% for Hand Cavalry and hand Shock Infantry.
Pine Tree State
Pine Tree State is an Age of Empires III technology available to United States from the Imperial Age, researched at State Capitol. It increases villager gathering from tree and Mango Grove by 40%.
Placer Mines
Placer Mines is an Exploration Age Market upgrade that increases Villager Coin gathering from mines and Mountain Monasteries by 10%. Its building access varies by civilization.
Portuguese Brigade
Portuguese Brigade is an Imperial Age Consulate technology for Indians or Japanese who choose Portugal as an ally. It costs 2,300 Export and takes 90 seconds to deliver eleven Legion Dragoons and four Horse Artillery, a mixed force of mobile ranged cavalry and anti-infantry artillery.
Portuguese Crusaders
Portuguese Crusaders is an Age of Empires III technology available to Ethiopians from the Commerce Age, researched at Mountain Monastery. It provides 10 Order Besteiros; Enables Order Besteiros to be trained at War Camps.
Potocki Estates
Potocki Estates is an Industrial Age Polish Sejm technology requiring Koniecpolski Estates. It raises Villager gathering work rate from mines, Estates and Mountain Monasteries by 15%, and increases the Sejm’s passive Coin generation by 30%.
Prefecture Government
Prefecture Government is an Age of Empires III technology available to Chinese from the Exploration Age, researched at Village. It increases village hit points by 15%.
Professional Gunners
Professional Gunners is an early artillery durability upgrade. It adds hit points to artillery, helping expensive siege pieces survive return fire while they support an army or attack defenses. The improvement affects artillery health; it does not increase their range or damage.
Professional Hunters
Professional Hunters is a Commerce Age Asian Market technology that improves Villager Food gathering from hunted animals by 10%. Chinese and Indians can research it after Hunting Eagles, for 65 Wood and 65 Coin with a 15-second research time. Ethiopians gain access to the Market through an alliance with the Indians and can research the technology for 130 Influence. It does not improve gathering from Farms, Mills or livestock.
Provincial Government
Provincial Government is an Exploration Age Chinese Village technology that requires Prefecture Government. It increases Village hit points by 15% and the population supported by each affected Village by five.
Pukaras
Pukaras is an Age of Empires III technology available to IC Inca from the Fortress Age, researched at Stronghold. It War Hut, Tambo, and Stronghold LOS and range +3.
Punjabi New Year
Punjabi New Year is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on an Udasi Temple holy site. It increases villager gathering from Mill, Farm, Rice Paddy, Estate, Field, and Hacienda by 10%; increases herded animals gathering from Livestock Pen, Farm, Village, and Livestock Market by 10%; gather XP work rate for Sacred Field and Shrine +10%.
Push of Pike
Push of Pike is a Commerce Age Swedish Church technology. It increases Hand Infantry movement speed by 10% but also increases their training time by 10%, trading faster positioning for slower reinforcement.
Quechua Allies
Quechua Allies is a five-second Peru Revolution technology researched at the Native Embassy after the American Allies Home City Card is sent. It opens a Quechua roster and technology branch while replacing two other Native ally choices.
Quechuan Diet
Quechuan Diet is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Quechua settlement. It reduces infantry (except Skull Knight), cavalry (except Tokala Soldier), shock troops, War Academy and Castle banner army training time by 15%.
Quechuan Metalworking
Quechuan Metalworking is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Quechua settlement. It increases villager gathering from mine, Tribal Marketplace, and Mountain Monastery by 20%; increases abun gathering from Mountain Monastery by 20%.
Quechuan Mountaineering
Quechuan Mountaineering is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Quechua settlement. It increases Infantry speed by 10%, helping an army rotate between objectives or reposition before an engagement.
Queen's Festival
Queen’s Festival is an Inca Big Button technology researched at the Kancha House. It delivers four Villagers to the Home City gather point in ten seconds. Its current cost is 250 Food, 250 Wood and 250 Coin, and it is available in the Commerce Age. The Industrial Age Old Ways Home City Card reduces that cost to 125 of each resource. The technology adds workers rather than improving the gathering rate of existing Villagers.
Queen's Rangers
Queen's Rangers is a British Industrial Age Church technology that completes the Roger's Rangers line. It delivers thirty Rangers, grants their Veteran upgrade and replaces Longbowmen with Rangers in production at specified buildings.
Radvila Architecture
Radvila Architecture is an Imperial Age Polish Sejm technology requiring Zamojski Architecture. It increases Villager tree gathering by 30%, raises the Sejm’s passive Wood generation by 15%, and adds 25% hit points to buildings.
Ranged Cavalry Caracole
Ranged Cavalry Caracole is an Arsenal upgrade for ranged cavalry. It increases the damage of affected units and, for most of them, improves range and sight, supporting earlier contact and safer positioning.
Rawhide Covers
Rawhide Covers is a Haudenosaunee Commerce Age Dock upgrade that increases War Ship hit points by 30%. It supports a fleet that must remain at sea through repeated engagements.
Red Lancers
Red Lancers is a Dutch Church technology unlocked by Religious Freedom. It upgrades the Stradiot roster and makes the unit trainable at the Tavern.
Redoubts
Redoubts is an Age of Empires III technology available to Federal Americans from the Fortress Age, researched at Wall; Meeting House (United States) ; Cathedral (Mexicans). It increases wall cost -20%, hit points by 400%.
Refineries
Refineries is an Industrial Age Coin technology researched at an Estate or Hacienda after Homesteading. It improves Villager Coin gathering from Estates, Coin-producing Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas by 30%; Hacienda automatic Coin production also rises by 30%. Ordinary Coin Mines are not among the listed sources.
Refreshing Beverages
Refreshing Beverages is an Age of Empires III technology available to Federal Americans; Mexico from the Commerce Age; Revolution (Mexico), researched at Saloon. It Outlaw and hero charged ability cooldown -70%.
Regenerative Forestry
Regenerative Forestry is a Commerce Age Asian Market technology in The Asian Dynasties. Chinese and Japanese research it after Water Wheel; it improves Villager Wood gathering from trees and Mango Groves, and Timber Trade is the next technology in the line. Indians receive Water Wheel and Regenerative Forestry automatically for free.
Reiki
Reiki is an Exploration Age Japanese Monastery technology that enables Sohei Archers to heal friendly units. It adds a support action to that specific unit line; it does not make every Japanese unit a healer.
Reinforced Gauntlets
Reinforced Gauntlets is an Exploration Age technology obtained from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Bhakti Temple holy site. It increases Tiger Claw hit points by 50%, making that unit more durable without changing its attack or movement.
Revetment
Revetment is an Industrial Age Fort upgrade that strengthens its bombardment and improves how far it can see and fire. It turns an established Fort into a more effective landmark for defending a route or settlement, rather than improving every building or artillery unit in the army.
Rice Exports
Rice Exports is the final listed technology in the Asian Rice Paddy Coin upgrade chain. In the Industrial Age, after Rice Markets, it adds another 20% to Villager Coin gathering from Estates, Coin Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas, and to Hacienda automatic Coin income.
Rice Markets
Rice Markets is the Industrial Age middle step in the Asian Rice Paddy Coin upgrade chain. After Rice Trade, it adds another 20% to Villager Coin gathering from Estates, Coin Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas, and to Hacienda automatic Coin gathering.
Rice Surplus
Rice Surplus is a Commerce Age Asian technology researched at a Rice Paddy. It increases Villager Coin gathering by 10% from Estates, Coin-configured Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas, and raises Hacienda passive Coin gathering by 10%.
Rice Trade
Rice Trade is the first Coin-gathering technology in the Asian Rice Paddy upgrade chain. Available in the Fortress Age after Rice Surplus, it increases Villager gathering from Estates, Coin Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas by 20% and also improves Hacienda automatic Coin income by 20%.
Risorgimento
Risorgimento is an Italians technology in Knights of the Mediterranean that turns earlier Settler losses into a larger Revolutionary shipment. In the current rules it requires the Industrial Age and the Statuto Albertino Home City Card; older versions made it available in the Commerce Age.
Ritual Bovine
Ritual Bovine is an Exploration Age Indian Sacred Field technology. It increases the Experience gathering rate of herded animals assigned to Sacred Fields by 10%, supporting the livestock-to-shipment economy.
River Raids
River Raids is an Age of Empires III technology available to Native Americans from the Fortress Age, researched at Dock. It increases war Canoe, Tlaloc Canoe, and Chincha Raft damage by 25%.
River Skirmishes
River Skirmishes is an Age of Empires III technology available to Africans from the Commerce Age, researched at Port. It increases war ship damage by 25%; Fishing Canoes get a ranged and siege attack.
Roger's Rangers
Roger’s Rangers is a British Church technology that converts Longbowmen into Rangers and prepares access to the later Queen’s Rangers research. It changes an existing unit line as well as delivering additional troops.
Rohatyna
Rohatyna is a Fortress Age technology accessed through a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Vasa palace. It enables Companions to use Lance Charge and inflict Bleeding damage, adding offensive abilities to the Vasa cavalry line.
Royal Banquet
Royal Banquet is an Age of Empires III technology available to Africans from the Exploration Age, researched at Livestock Market. It Sells all herded animals for 50% of their food as influence.
Royal Card Games
Royal Card Games is a Commerce Age technology from Knights of the Mediterranean, researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Hanover palace. It immediately sends one random Home City Card from the player’s deck.
Royal Festival
Royal Festival is an Age of Empires III technology available to Inca from the Fortress Age, researched at Community Plaza. It provides 1 Maceman for every 4 minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes.
Royal Halberdiers
Royal Halberdiers is a Spanish Fortress Age Church technology that supplies upgraded Halberdiers and improves the existing Halberdier line.
Royal Hunters
Royal Hunters is an Exploration Age African Livestock Market technology requiring Tribal Societies. It extends Villager line of sight by 8 and ranged attack range by 4; units affected by Villager upgrades receive 3 more line of sight and 1 more ranged range.
Royal Saxon Grenadiers
Royal Saxon Grenadiers is a Fortress Age technology associated with the House of Wettin in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition — Knights of the Mediterranean. It grants a Giant Grenadier and adds one to each future Home City shipment while the upgrade’s effect applies.
Royal Scots Grey
Royal Scots Grey is an Age of Empires III technology from the Commerce Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Hanover palace. It provides 5 Totenkopf Hussars; Totenkopf Hussars now require 4 hits to charge up their Death Strike ability.
Royal Service
Royal Service is a Fortress Age Danish technology in The Baltic Powers, researched at a Watch House. It changes the Snaphane line from a temporary levy into troops that can remain in the field: Snaphaner and Mounted Friskytter stop losing hit points over time and become healable. It also revises their bounty and resource cost.
Royal Tax
Royal Tax is an Exploration Age economic technology from Definitive Edition — Knights of the Mediterranean. It grants 35 Coin for every building you own when researched, up to a total payout of 10,000 Coin. Its value grows with an established settlement rather than with the size of the army.
Ruhrpott
Ruhrpott is an Age of Empires III technology available to German Confederation from the Revolution, researched at Capitol. It provides 1 Factory Wagon and 1 Coal Prospector Wagon.
Rural Defense
Rural Defense is a Village technology that produces two Irregulars at the researching Village. It provides a quick local response for the Asian Village-defense system, rather than a lasting unit upgrade.
Rural Sentry Uprising
Rural Sentry Uprising is a Chinese Village technology that calls two Sentries to the researching settlement. The Village Defense Home City Card is a prerequisite. It creates a brief local defense option rather than a lasting unit upgrade.
Russian Brigade
Russian Brigade is an Age of Empires III technology available to Chinese; Indians (Act III: India only) from the Imperial Age, researched at Consulate. It provides 25 Culverins.
Sacsayhuaman
Sacsayhuaman is an Age of Empires III technology available to IC Inca from the Industrial Age, researched at Stronghold Stronghold. It increases stronghold hit points by 50%; Stronghold ranged attack AOE +1.
Sámi Duodji
Sámi Duodji is an Exploration Age technology obtained through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Sámi settlement. It adds 0.7 Wood per second to the resource trickle for each Sámi Noaidi, so its return scales with the number of those units.
Sámi of the Sea
Sámi of the Sea is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Sámi settlement. It provides 1 Dock Travois; increases villager gathering from hunted animals, herded animals, and Fishing Hole by 10%; increases fishing ship gathering from fish by 10%.
Sámi Reindeer Herding
Sámi Reindeer Herding is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Sámi settlement. It provides 2 Sámi Reindeer; enables Sámi Reindeer to be trained at Trading Posts/Tambos built on Sámi settlements; Sámi Noaidis attract nearby hunted animals.
Sanguszko Agriculture
Sanguszko Agriculture is an Industrial Age Polish Sejm technology that requires Kęsgaila Agriculture. Villagers gather 15% faster at Folwarks, while the Sejm’s automatic Food gathering rate increases by 30%; Ostrogski Agriculture is the next technology in the chain.
Sapieha Hetmans
Sapieha Hetmans is an Age of Empires III technology available to Poles from the Fortress Age, researched at Sejm (All) ; Rada (Cossack Hetmanate). It Hetman: +250 hit points, +15% damage, revived and fully healed.
Sarmatism
Sarmatism is an Age of Empires III technology from the Commerce Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Jagiellon palace. It provides 5 Lipka Tatars; Archer Line of Sight and ranged attack range +1; Fulani Archer long range attack range +1.
Savolax Jaegers
Savolax Jaegers is a Swedish Church technology linked to the Treaty of Roskilde Home City Card. It delivers Jaegers and adds a stealth-capable training option.
Schinkel Architecture
Schinkel Architecture is an Age of Empires III technology available to Prussia; German Confederation from the Revolution, researched at Academy. It Grants a sum of coin and XP for each present and future building.
Schützenfest
Schützenfest is a Fortress Age technology introduced in Definitive Edition — Knights of the Mediterranean. Researched at a Trading Post, or at a Tambo for the Inca, on a House of Wittelsbach palace, it improves the sight and ranged reach of Light Infantry and gives Mountain Troopers a larger bonus.
Scottish Sheep Culture
Scottish Sheep Culture is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Stuart palace. It provides 1 Sheep carrying an additional 150 food and 1 Feral Sheep for each shipment sent so far this game, and 1 Explorer's Dog.
Second Guarantee
Second Guarantee is a Fortress Age Mexican Cathedral technology that increases Musket Infantry hit points and damage by 15% while increasing their training time by 30%. It strengthens each affected unit but slows replacement production.
Secret Society
Secret Society is a Commerce Age Haudenosaunee technology researched at the Community Plaza. It unlocks the Heal ability for the Haudenosaunee War Chief. The research costs 200 Wood and 100 Coin and takes 10 seconds. This is an ability unlock rather than a direct shipment or a general improvement to all Haudenosaunee units; its value depends on having the War Chief available and using the new command when support is needed.
Seed Drill
Seed Drill is a Commerce Age improvement for renewable Food gathering. It increases Villager gathering from Mills, Farms, Rice Paddies, Fields and Haciendas by 15%; Hacienda Food auto-gather also improves by 15%.
Selective Breeding
Selective Breeding is a livestock technology that increases Food gathering from herdable animals by 25% at the applicable livestock buildings. It improves an animal-based economy rather than hunting or ordinary Farm gathering in general.
Selective Logging
Selective Logging is an Age of Empires III technology available to Africans from the Commerce Age, researched at Livestock Market. It increases villager gathering from tree and Mango Grove by 15%.
Seminole Bowyer
Seminole Bowyer is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Seminole settlement. It increases damage for Archer-class units by 15% in Definitive Edition and takes ten seconds to research. Its bonus applies to an existing and future archer force; it does not improve every ranged unit or act as a universal military upgrade.
Seminole Guerilla Wars
Seminole Guerilla Wars is an Exploration Age technology available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Seminole settlement. It improves Seminole Sharktooth Bowmen’ building pressure by adding 3.0 bonus damage against buildings and six range to their siege attack.
Seminole Invincibles
Seminole Invincibles is an Exploration Age Minor Civilization technology for Seminole Sharktooth Bowmen in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition. It increases their hit points by 10% and grants 0.25% hit-point regeneration per second, improving their ability to survive between engagements.
Sentry Uprising; Sentry Revolt
Sentry Uprising, also titled Sentry Revolt, is an Exploration Age Town Center technology for Asian civilizations. It spawns four Sentries for 80 Food and 80 Coin and completes in five seconds. This is a quick defensive unit delivery from the Town Center rather than a permanent improvement to the Sentry or a standard production queue. The two names refer to the same indexed technology entry.
Sequoyah's Cherokee Syllabary
Sequoyah’s Cherokee Syllabary is an Exploration Age Cherokee settlement technology. Researching it delivers four Settlers, turning a Trading Post or Tambo on a Cherokee settlement into an early economic shipment as well as an alliance point.
Shaman Drums
Shaman Drums is an Exploration Age upgrade available from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Tengri Shrine holy site. It reduces training time for Cavalry and Shock Troops by 10%, helping those production lines reinforce faster.
Sharia
Sharia is an Exploration Age technology available from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Sufi Mosque holy site. It increases the unit training limits of Settlers, Villagers and Hindu Villagers by 10, and the Coureur des Bois limit by eight.
Ship's Howitzers
Ship’s Howitzers is an Industrial Age Dock upgrade that converts Monitors and Ironclads into their Heavy variants. It improves the durability and damage of these large naval units, extending their role in late-game coastal fighting.
Shipment Delay
Shipment Delay is an Age of Empires III technology available to Danes from the Fortress Age, researched at Customs House. It The next shipment of each enemy player will take 60 seconds longer to arrive.
Siege Drill
Siege Drill is a Fortress Age Haudenosaunee technology researched at the Siege Workshop. It increases the movement speed of Rams, Mantlets and Light Cannons by 10%. The technology costs 500 Food and 500 Wood and takes 10 seconds to research. The listed roster spans both siege pieces and the Mantlet, letting the affected units keep pace more effectively with an advancing force; the technology does not increase their attack or hit points.
Sikh Gurus
Sikh Gurus is an Exploration Age upgrade reached from a Trading Post or Tambo on an Udasi Temple holy site. It increases Hero hit points by 50%, strengthening the survival of eligible Heroes rather than improving ordinary army units.
Slow Motion Routines
Slow Motion Routines is an Industrial Age Chinese Monastery technology that increases the Shaolin Master’s hand attack Critical Strike chance by 100%. It costs 500 Wood and 500 Coin and takes 15 seconds to research. The recorded effect applies to the hand attack’s chance to trigger a Critical Strike; it does not increase every attack type or change the Critical Strike damage itself unless another rule says so.
Smokeless Powder
Smokeless Powder is an alliance technology that increases damage by 10% for Gunpowder Troopers and Gunpowder Cavalry and by 5% for Artillery in its current Definitive Edition profile. Research access and cost depend on the civilization and alliance route.
Snares
Snares is an African Granary technology that increases Villager gathering from hunted animals by 10%. It is a source-specific Food improvement: it benefits workers on animal carcasses, not every Food source in the economy.
Sobieski's Janissaries
Sobieski's Janissaries is a Polish Commerce Age Church technology that delivers ten Crown Janissaries and unlocks their production at Forts. The Crown unit is a Polish Consulate-style Janissary with stronger siege and melee bonuses, giving the technology both an immediate force and a later production option.
Socket Bayonet
Socket Bayonet is a Commerce Age Arsenal upgrade that increases all melee attacks by Musket Infantry by 20%. It strengthens their close-range fallback rather than their ranged volley.
Solomonic Dynasty
Solomonic Dynasty is an Industrial Age Ethiopian Mountain Monastery technology that delivers an additional Ras and awards 15 Influence whenever an enemy military unit is killed. It combines an immediate hero reinforcement with a combat-linked resource effect.
Somali Ajuran Engineers
Somali Ajuran Engineers is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Somali kingdom in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition — The African Royals. It raises the Frontier Fortification build limit and improves several attack types against those fortifications.
Somali Berbera Seaport
Somali Berbera Seaport is an Exploration Age technology from Definitive Edition — The African Royals. Researching it delivers one Red Sea Wagon and adds one Fishing Boat to every future Home City shipment, giving the Somali alliance both a one-time building option and a continuing naval bonus.
Somali Coinage
Somali Coinage is an Exploration Age technology from The African Royals. It improves Trade Route resource, Experience and Influence inventory by 30%, raises Fishing Ship whaling by 10%, and increases gathering from mines, Tribal Marketplaces and Mountain Monasteries.
Somali Jile Daggers
Somali Jile Daggers is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Somali kingdom. It Foot archer and rifle infantry hand attack Rate of Fire -35%; Hand skirmisher (except Urumi Swordsman) hand attack Rate of Fire -15% instead.
Somali Lighthouses
Somali Lighthouses is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Somali kingdom. It extends outpost, Blockhouse, War Hut, Castle, Watch Tower, Trading Post, Tambo, Dock, and Port line of sight by 10; Trading Posts and Tambos on Somali kingdoms can use the Lighthouse ability.
Somali Local Forces
Somali Local Forces is an Exploration Age technology accessed through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Somali kingdom. It unlocks Askari training at Somali settlement posts, giving the player an additional local infantry production route.
Somali Oryx Hide Shields
Somali Oryx Hide Shields is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Somali kingdom. It improves infantry resistance and reduces the resource costs of several named infantry and Banner Armies, combining a defensive bonus with cheaper reinforcements.
Songhai Raid
Songhai Raid is a Commerce Age Hausa technology researched at the Town Center or Watch Tower. It spawns five Raiders and costs 500 Influence, with a 10-second research time. The result is a direct military group rather than an upgrade to Raider statistics. Its availability at two structures gives the Hausa more than one possible research location, while the Influence cost links the decision to the civilization’s broader resource choices.
Sound Blockade
Sound Blockade is a Fortress Age Danish technology in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition - The Baltic Powers. It temporarily blocks an opposing player's shipment and is researched at the Customs House.
Spanish Brigade
Spanish Brigade is an Imperial Age Japanese Consulate technology that delivers 17 Espadachins and 15 Garrochistas. The mixed group combines the two named unit types, so it adds a sizeable force without requiring the player to queue each unit individually. Research takes 90 seconds. The long completion time makes this a planned reinforcement rather than a quick response, and the delivered units still need to be organized and supported after they arrive.
Spies
Spies is an Imperial Age technology available to every civilization. It reveals the Line of Sight of all enemy units and costs 75 Coin for each enemy unit when researched. Europeans and Mexicans research it at a Capitol; Africans, Asians and Native Americans use a Town Center; the United States uses its State Capitol.
Spirit Medicine
Spirit Medicine is an Age of Empires III technology available to Native Americans from the Exploration Age, researched at Market. It increases villager hit points by 35%; increases unit affected by villager upgrades hit points by 10%.
St. Petersburg Dragoons
St. Petersburg Dragoons is a Russian Fortress Age Church technology unlocked by the Reformist Tsar Home City Card. It converts the Russian deck’s Cavalry Archer shipment line into Counter Dragoons and delivers an initial group, giving Russia access to a Dragoon-type unit through a specific card-and-research path.
Standing Army
Standing Army is a Commerce Age production upgrade that shortens training time for Infantry and Shock Troops. It can help a player maintain a frontline or replace losses more quickly, provided production buildings and resources are available to keep the queues running.
Star Fort
Star Fort is an Industrial Age improvement for the Fort. It increases the defensive structure’s hit points, making a Fort harder to destroy during a prolonged push and extending the time it can anchor a position. The benefit applies to the Fort itself, not to nearby units or other buildings.
State Constitutions
State Constitutions is a Commerce Age United States technology at the State Capitol. It raises Building hit points by 25%; Walls receive a 125% hit-point increase instead.
State Religion
State Religion is an Age of Empires III technology available to Mexicans from the Commerce Age, researched at Cathedral. It Next Federal State Age up time -50 seconds; Doubles the experience shipped by the next Federal State Age up.
Statehood
Statehood is an Age of Empires III technology available to United States from the Commerce Age, researched at State Capitol. It Next Federal State Age up time -50 seconds; Doubles the XP crates shipped by the next Federal State Age up.
Steam Power
Steam Power is an Industrial Age Factory upgrade that improves automatic Coin production. It converts an existing Factory into a stronger source of Coin without adding workers to a Mine or Estate, which can help support expensive late-game units and research.
Steel Traps
Steel Traps is a European Market hunting upgrade for Europeans and Federal Americans. It raises Villager gathering from hunted animals by 20%, continuing the source-specific bonus begun by Hunting Dogs.
Strangers' Quarters
Strangers’ Quarters is an Industrial Age technology for African civilizations, researched at the Town Center. It provides housing support for 100 population without requiring additional Huts or Town Centers, but it does not raise the civilization’s total population ceiling. It also reduces unit training time by 10% and automatic unit spawn time by 5%.
Strawberry Festival
Strawberry Festival is an Exploration Age Haudenosaunee Farm technology that delivers timed Food crates. It provides one 500-Food crate every ten minutes of game time, up to the 30-minute cap.
Struensee Reforms
Struensee Reforms is a Commerce Age Danish Round Church technology. It increases Villager Food cost and training time by 20%, reduces Fishing Ship Wood cost by 5%, and improves Villager and Fishing Ship gathering work rate by 10% across resources.
Subsistence Farming
Subsistence Farming is a Commerce Age African Granary technology that increases Villager Food gathering from Fields by 10%. It costs 300 Wood and takes 30 seconds to research. The improvement applies to Food-producing Fields, not to hunts, berries or every renewable Food source. Swing Plow is listed as the next research in the line, so this technology can be part of a longer investment in Field production.
Sudanese Hakura System
Sudanese Hakura System is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Sudanese kingdom in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition — The African Royals. It discounts several economic buildings and the Field, helping the player expand infrastructure for fewer resources.
Sudanese Local Forces
Sudanese Local Forces is an Exploration Age technology from The African Royals that unlocks Askari and Sennar Horseman production at Trading Posts or Tambos connected to Sudanese kingdoms. It turns the settlement into an allied military production option rather than delivering an immediate army.
Sudanese Quilted Armor
Sudanese Quilted Armor is an Exploration Age technology from The African Royals that increases the hand resistance of Cavalry and Shock troops by 10%. It is available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Sudanese kingdom; Ethiopians can access it at a Mountain Monastery when allied with the Sudanese.
Sudanese Red Sea Trade
Sudanese Red Sea Trade is an Exploration Age technology in The African Royals that can be researched twice. Sudanese settlement access is through a Trading Post or Tambo; Ethiopians can research it at a Mountain Monastery with the Sudanese Alliance. The first research delivers two Red Sea Wagons, while the second scales its delivery with elapsed game time.
Supreme Ultimate Fist
Supreme Ultimate Fist is a Fortress Age Chinese Monastery technology that increases Shaolin Master damage by 300%, with Roundhouse Attack explicitly excluded. It costs 350 Food and 350 Wood and takes 15 seconds to research. This is a large unit-specific damage increase, but the exception matters: it should not be read as improving every Shaolin Master attack. The affected Masters still need to reach their targets and remain protected in combat.
Swing Plow
Swing Plow is a Fortress Age African Granary upgrade for Villager gathering from Food Fields. It raises that specific work rate by 15% and continues an investment in the African Field economy.
Tanzimat
Tanzimat is a Fortress Age Ottoman Mosque technology that increases the Yörük train limit by 29. It requires Topkapi, making it a later step in Mosque progression rather than an independent limit upgrade.
Tar Kilns
Tar Kilns is an Exploration Age technology available at a Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Vasa palace in Knights of the Mediterranean. It increases the hit points of ordinary units by 5%, while warships receive a 10% hit-point increase instead.
Tarnowski Hetmans
Tarnowski Hetmans is an Age of Empires III technology available to Poles from the Industrial Age, researched at Sejm. It Hetman: +500 hit points, +20% damage, revived and fully healed.
Tax Burden
Tax Burden is a Commerce Age Church technology for the Knights of St. John in Act I: Blood. After the Royal Decree to Claim the New World Home City Card is sent, it delivers one 100-Coin Chest for each minute of game time elapsed when researched, up to 30 chests, while reducing Villager hit points by 40%.
Tax Haven
Tax Haven is a Duchy of Warsaw Revolution technology at the Town Center that resets Market rates and enables shipment tax. The Kraków Republic Home City Card is required.
Tenpo Reforms
Tenpo Reforms is an Industrial Age Japanese Shrine technology that greatly increases automatic resource gathering from Shrines and the Toshogu Shrine. Food rises by 350%; Wood and Coin each rise by 300%.
Terror Charge
Terror Charge is an Age of Empires III technology available to Indians from the Fortress Age, researched at Monastery. It increases brahmin speed by 5%; reduces cavalry* and Siege Elephant training time by 20%.
Teutonic Knights
Teutonic Knights is a Commerce Age Church technology for the Maltese in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition – Knights of the Mediterranean. After the Papal Bull Home City Card has been sent, it increases Hospitaller damage by 25% but reduces their speed by 20%.
Tezcatlipoca Worship
Tezcatlipoca Worship is an Age of Empires III technology available to Aztecs from the Fortress Age, researched at Estate. It provides 1 Skull Knight for every 4 minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes.
The Black Watch
The Black Watch is an Age of Empires III technology available to British from the Fortress Age, researched at Church. It provides 8 Black Watches (Highlanders); Enables Highlanders to be trained at the Tavern; extends highlander line of sight by 3.
The Five Precepts
The Five Precepts is a Commerce Age Chinese Monastery technology that increases Disciple hit points and damage by 20%. It costs 200 Food and 200 Coin and takes 15 seconds to research. The effect is specific to Disciples, improving their durability and attack without changing the statistics of other Chinese units. The benefit matters only when Disciples are available and form part of the force.
The Raj
The Raj is an Age of Empires III technology available to Indians from the Commerce Age, researched at Karni Mata. It provides 1 Hindu Villager; Hindu Villager: cost set to food 80, wood 0, name changed to Villager.
Thin Red Line
Thin Red Line is a Commerce Age British Church technology that makes Musketeers tougher but slower. It increases their hit points by 20% and reduces their speed by 10%, so the upgrade favors holding power over rapid movement.
Third Guarantee
Third Guarantee is an Age of Empires III technology available to Mexicans from the Industrial Age, researched at Cathedral. It Haciendas can be sold; Hacienda hit points -35%, build time +200%, build bounty removed.
Thunderbolts of Illapa
Thunderbolts of Illapa is an Industrial Age Inca Stronghold technology that provides four Field Cannons. It costs 1,600 Coin and takes 10 seconds to research. This is a direct artillery delivery rather than a damage upgrade to existing guns. The asterisk on the recorded age name is retained as part of the source game data; check the match’s displayed requirement if the civilization’s age-up rules modify the timing.
Tilly's Discipline
Tilly’s Discipline is a Commerce Age German Church technology that increases Infantry speed by 20% while raising their cost by 10%. It exchanges more expensive production for faster movement across the map.
Timber Trade
Timber Trade is an Age of Empires III technology available to Asians from the Fortress Age, researched at Asian Market. It increases villager gathering from tree and Mango Grove by 30%.
Timbuktu Chronicle
Timbuktu Chronicle is a Commerce Age Hausa University technology unlocked through the Songhai Alliance. For 500 Influence and 10 seconds of research, it grants Influence equal to 10% of the total cost of enemy units killed and buildings destroyed, with separate caps for each category.
Timbuktu Manuscripts
Timbuktu Manuscripts is an Exploration Age Hausa University technology that shortens the next Alliance Age up by 50 seconds. Its effect applies once to the next alliance-based advancement, not to every future Age transition.
Timkat
Timkat is a Commerce Age Ethiopian Mountain Monastery technology requiring Habesha Alliance. It lets Mountain Monasteries grant nearby friendly units and buildings 10% more hit points within a radius of 38.
Toll Register
Toll Register is an Age of Empires III technology available to Danes from the Exploration Age, researched at Customs House. It Adds 100 to shipment tax; Enables the Customs House to keep a permanent record of all shipments taxed.
Topçu Corps
Topçu Corps is an Age of Empires III technology available to Ottomans from the Industrial Age, researched at Mosque. It provides 3 Great Bombards; Great Bombard population cost -1.
Topkapi
Topkapi is a Fortress Age Ottoman Mosque technology that raises the Yörük train limit by 25. It requires the Galata Tower District and costs 200 Wood and 200 Coin; research takes 15 seconds. The effect changes the permitted Yörük production limit rather than granting 25 Yörüks immediately. Tanzimat is listed as the next technology in the progression, making Topkapi a step in a Mosque research path.
Totora Reeds
Totora Reeds is an Inca Dock technology that combines recurring naval deliveries with upgrades to Chincha Rafts. Available in the Exploration Age, it costs 500 Food, 500 Wood and 500 Coin and takes 10 seconds to research. The effect delivers one Fishing Boat and one Chincha Raft for each five minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes; it also raises the Chincha Raft build limit by four and adds four line of sight and range to affected units. The time-based deliveries make early research more valuable over a long match.
Town Defense; City Defense
Town Defense, also listed as City Defense, is an Exploration Age Town Center technology for Asian civilizations. It spawns four Irregulars for 80 Food and 80 Coin and completes in five seconds. This is a short defensive unit delivery through the Town Center rather than a permanent Town Center upgrade. The two labels refer to the same indexed technology, and the effect is the arrival of the Irregulars.
Town Government
Town Government is an Exploration Age technology researched at the Chinese Village. It improves Villages by increasing their hit points by 10% and the population they support by five. The technology costs 200 Wood and takes 12 seconds to research. Because it affects the Village structure and its population support, it is a settlement infrastructure choice rather than a direct attack upgrade for the Chinese army.
Town Watch
Town Watch is a Commerce Age scouting improvement for military and economic units. Its extra line of sight can help workers notice danger sooner and let an army see farther while it moves, improving awareness around the area those units occupy. It does not increase attack range or damage.
Training Forms
Training Forms is an Exploration Age Chinese Monastery technology that grants Shaolin Masters the Monastic Sangha ability. It costs 100 Food and 100 Coin and takes 15 seconds to research. The effect is an ability unlock for the Shaolin Masters, not a general bonus to every Chinese unit or an automatic delivery of additional troops. Its practical value depends on having Shaolin Masters available and using the newly granted ability appropriately.
Transhumance
Transhumance is a Fortress Age African Livestock Market technology. It increases the Influence auto-gather rate of Sheep, Goats and Cattle by 0.15, extending livestock’s role beyond Food and population support.
Tribal Societies
Tribal Societies is an Age of Empires III technology available to Africans from the Exploration Age, researched at Livestock Market. It increases villager hit points by 20%; increases unit affected by villager upgrades hit points by 7%.
Tropical Timber Trade
Tropical Timber Trade is an Imperial Age Asian Market technology that increases Villager Wood gathering from trees and Mango Groves by 50%. It is the final step after Timber Trade in the Asian Wood upgrade chain.
Trunion
Trunion is a Commerce Age Arsenal upgrade that increases artillery movement speed by 15%. It makes deployed guns easier to reposition as the front line moves.
Tufanci Corps
Tufanci Corps was a legacy Ottoman Fortress Age Mosque technology that delivered 15 Janissaries after the Palace Intrigue Home City Card had been sent. It supplied an immediate infantry group through research rather than upgrading a production building or adding a repeatable Janissary queue. Definitive Edition removed the technology, so its conditions describe the earlier game rules.
Tupi Animal Lore
Tupi Animal Lore is a settlement technology available to players allied with the Tupi. Researching it costs 50 Wood and 50 Coin and takes 10 seconds. It unlocks production of the Pet Cougar Buttercup at Town Centers and Heroes; a Battleship can also train Buttercup after the Brethren of the Coast Home City Card is sent. This expands the available production locations for the pet rather than granting Buttercup automatically.
Tupi Forest Burning
Tupi Forest Burning is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Tupi settlement. It reduces the Wood cost of Buildings and construction wagons by 20%, helping the Tupi establish infrastructure with fewer resources.
Tupi Poison Arrow Frogs
Tupi Poison Arrow Frogs is an Exploration Age technology available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Tupi settlement in Age of Empires III. It increases Archer damage and adds a poison effect to the Tupi Blackwood Archer’s ranged attack.
Urcuchillay Worship
Urcuchillay Worship is an Age of Empires III technology available to Inca from the Exploration Age, researched at Farm. It provides 2 Llamas carrying additional food 350 for every 5 minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes.
Vegetable Carbon
Vegetable Carbon is an Industrial Age African Granary upgrade for Villager gathering from Food Fields. It raises the same source-specific work rate by 20%, building on the earlier Swing Plow investment.
Vegetarianism
Vegetarianism is an Exploration Age upgrade reached through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Bhakti Temple holy site. It increases Villager gathering work rate from Berry Bushes by 40%, improving one specific early Food source.
Victorian Era
Victorian Era is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a House of Hanover palace. It Advances the player to the Imperial Age; provides 1 Factory Wagon; Costs less for each point of XP earned.
Village Dogs
Village Dogs is an Exploration Age African Granary technology that increases Villager gathering from hunted animals by 5%. It costs 50 Wood and takes 10 seconds to research. This is a modest source-specific improvement for Hunts, not for Food from Fields, livestock or other gathering sources. Its short research time and low Wood cost can make it an early efficiency option when workers are already hunting.
Viracocha Worship
Viracocha Worship is an Age of Empires III technology available to Incas from the Industrial Age, researched at Kallanka. It provides 2 Builder Travois; enables Builder Travois to build Town Centers, War Huts, Strongholds, and Estates.
Visit of the Seven Houses
Visit of the Seven Houses is an Age of Empires III technology available to Mexicans from the Commerce Age, researched at Cathedral. It provides 1 Insurgente for every House built (up to 40).
Vyshnevetsky Architecture
Vyshnevetsky Architecture is an Age of Empires III technology available to Cossack Hetmanate from the Fortress Age, researched at Rada. It increases villager: gathering from mines, Mountain Monasteries by 25%; increases sejm: auto gathering from coin by 50%.
Wallenstein's Contracts
Wallenstein's Contracts is a German Fortress Age Church technology unlocked by the Treaty of Westphalia Home City Card. It reduces Mercenary cost and training time, and can discount Coin costs for eligible German Mercenary shipments. Its value depends on how many of those units and shipments the player will actually use.
Walloon Guards
Walloon Guards is an Industrial Age Spanish Church technology requiring Wild Geese. It delivers 14 Walloon Guards, identified as Fusiliers, unlocks Fusilier training at the Tavern and gives the unit line Regeneration.
War Drums
War Drums is an Age of Empires III technology available to Lakota from the Commerce Age, researched at War Hut. It reduces cetan Bowman and Club Warrior training time by 33%; reduces wakina Rifle training time by 25%.
War Song
War Song is an Age of Empires III technology available to Aztecs from the Fortress Age, researched at Nobles' Hut. It provides 1 Arrow Knight for every 2 minutes of game time, up to 30 minutes.
Water Power
Water Power is an Industrial Age Factory upgrade in Age of Empires III. It raises the Factory’s automatic Wood output by 30%, allowing the player to redirect some Villagers from tree gathering while the building produces resources on its own.
Water Wheel
Water Wheel is an Exploration Age Asian Market Wood upgrade for Chinese and Japanese civilizations. It increases Villager gathering from trees and Mango Groves by 5%.
Westernization
Westernization is an Age of Empires III technology available to Russians from the Fortress Age, researched at Church. It Grants Veteran upgrade for Strelet, Rekrut*, Poruchik*, Cossack, and Grenadier.
White Tiger Training
White Tiger Training is an Exploration Age Indian Monastery technology that enables Brahmin to train Wagner the Pet White Tiger. It costs 75 Food and 75 Coin and takes 15 seconds to research. The technology unlocks a production option; it does not deliver Wagner automatically. The White Tiger is a pet unit, so the player should consult its entry for its available profile and role rather than assume the unlock is a general improvement to the Indian army.
Wild Geese
Wild Geese is an Age of Empires III technology available to Spanish from the Fortress Age*, researched at Church. It provides 12 Wild Geese (Irish Brigadiers*); Enables Irish Brigadiers to be trained at the Tavern; Irish Brigadier hand attack Rate of Fire -15%, speed +0.25.
Wild West
Wild West is an outlaw-focused technology for Federal Americans, Native Americans and Mexico. It improves Outlaw durability and damage, shortens their training time, and adds age-scaled bonuses for outlaws and Treasure guardians. Captured Mortars follow a separate Imperial Age rule.
Wind Horses
Wind Horses is an Exploration Age technology available from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Tengri Shrine holy site. It increases Cavalry and pet speed by 0.5 and modifies their rate of fire by 10% under the recorded rules.
Wood Clearing
Wood Clearing is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Shaolin Temple holy site. It increases villager gathering from tree and Mango Grove by 20%.
Wood Crates
Wood Crates is an Age of Empires III technology available to Chinese; Indians from the Commerce Age, researched at Consulate. It provides 1 Huge Cords of Wood (wood 500).
Wood Trickle
Wood Trickle is a Commerce Age Consulate technology for the Chinese that increases the Wood trickle rate by 1.25. Unlike a gathering upgrade, a trickle supplies resources passively over time and does not require Villagers to work at a tree or other Wood source. The research is listed with a 30-second completion time. It belongs to the Chinese Consulate technology set, so its availability is tied to that civilization’s alliance interface and the current match’s access to the Consulate.
Woodland Dwellers
Woodland Dwellers is an Exploration Age Haudenosaunee Longhouse technology that delivers a 500-Wood crate for each ten-minute interval of game time, up to 30 minutes. The effect is a timed resource reward, not a Wood gathering-rate upgrade.
Woreda Chitet
Woreda Chitet is an Exploration Age Town Center technology for the Ethiopians that spawns four Levied Bowmen. It costs 80 Food and 80 Coin and completes in five seconds. Unlike Kebele Chitet, which supplies Levied Spearmen, this option adds ranged infantry. Choosing between the two therefore changes the kind of support added to the army, even though their listed cost and research time are the same.
Yemeni Relations
Yemeni Relations is an Age of Empires III technology available to Ethiopians from the Imperial Age, researched at Mountain Monastery. It Mercenary cost changed to 50% coin and 50% influence.
Yoga
Yoga is an Exploration Age upgrade accessed from a Trading Post or Tambo on a Bhakti Temple holy site. It increases damage by 5% for Infantry, Cavalry and Shock Troops, strengthening several classes at once.
Yoruba Eredo Legacy
Yoruba Eredo Legacy is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Yoruba kingdom. It delivers two Outpost Wagons and increases the recorded Experience build bounty for Walls and Gates, combining an early defensive expansion with rewards for completing those structures.
Yoruba Herbalism
Yoruba Herbalism is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Yoruba kingdom. It improves Villager gathering from trees and Mango Groves by 10% and allows Native Warriors and land Villagers to regenerate 1 hit point per second near trees or Berry Bushes.
Yoruba Ida Swords
Yoruba Ida Swords is an Exploration Age technology accessed through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Yoruba kingdom. It gives Yoruba Oyo Legionaries a poison effect on their hand attacks, adding a special effect to that unit’s melee damage.
Yoruba Twins
Yoruba Twins is an Exploration Age technology tied to a Yoruba kingdom in Age of Empires III: Definitive Edition — The African Royals. It causes each Yoruba Oyo Legionary and Yoruba Eso Rider to produce a second unit, strengthening the two named lines.
Yoruba Wrestling
Yoruba Wrestling is an Exploration Age technology available through a Trading Post or Tambo on a Yoruba kingdom, or at the Hausa University with the Yoruba Alliance. It modifies the health degeneration of short-duration units rather than increasing their ordinary hit points: they lose health more slowly and stop at a quarter of maximum health.
Young Guard
Young Guard is an Age of Empires III technology available to French from the Commerce Age*, researched at Church. It provides 4 Young Guards; Enables Grenadiers to be trained at Barracks, Artillery Foundries, Forts, and Galleons; Enables Grenadier to be upgraded at Barracks and Artillery Foundries.
Yozakura Lanterns
Yozakura Lanterns is a Commerce Age Japanese Asian Market technology requiring Hanami Parties. It increases Villager gathering from Berry Bushes and Cherry Orchards by 10%, extending the earlier gathering bonus for those Food sources.
Zamojski Architecture
Zamojski Architecture is an Industrial Age Polish Sejm technology requiring Branicki Architecture. It increases Villager Wood gathering from trees by 15%, the Sejm’s automatic Wood gathering rate by 30% and Building hit points by 15%; Radvila Architecture follows it.
Zapotec Allies
Zapotec Allies is an exclusive Inca alliance branch researched at a Native Embassy from the Exploration Age. It opens Zapotec Lightning Warrior training and upgrades, plus the Cloud People, Cult of the Dead and Food of the Gods technologies. Choosing it closes the Carib and Mapuche branches.
Zapotec Cloud People
Zapotec Cloud People is an Exploration Age technology researched at a Trading Post or Tambo on a Zapotec settlement. It grants recurring Wood deliveries based on elapsed game time, so early research is valuable when a match lasts long enough for later installments.
Zapotec Cult of the Dead
Zapotec Cult of the Dead is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Zapotec settlement. It increases hand infantry damage by 20%.
Zapotec Food of the Gods
Zapotec Food of the Gods is an Age of Empires III technology from the Exploration Age, researched at Trading Post or Tambo on a Zapotec settlement. It increases villager gathering from Berry Bush, Cherry Orchard, Mill, Estate, Farm, Rice Paddy (food and coin), Field (food, wood, coin and influence), and Hacienda (food and coin) by 10%; increases hacienda auto gathering from food and coin by 10%.
Zealand Bosniaks
Zealand Bosniaks is a Fortress Age technology for the Danes in The Baltic Powers, researched at the Round Church. It delivers six Zealand Bosniaks and unlocks Tavern production of Bosniaks, trading away some durability and ranged resistance for a cheaper, faster-to-train version.
Zealand Jaegers
Zealand Jaegers is a Fortress Age Danish Watch House technology. It gives Snaphaner and Mounted Friskytter 10% siege resistance and a 1.5× bonus against Artillery, while classifying Snaphaner as gunpowder troopers and Mounted Friskytter as gunpowder cavalry.
Zweihänder
Zweihänder is an Age of Empires III technology available to Germans from the Industrial Age, researched at Church. It provides 12 Doppelsoldners; increases doppelsoldner hit points by 10%.
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